Pathophysiology of Stroke Flashcards
What is the most frequent site for aneurysms?
Anterior Cerebral artery (40%)
What is an arteriovenous shunt?
They lack a capillary bed between the artery and vein, transferring too much pressure to the vein.
What is the treatment for AVM
Embolization, multiple embolization, or radiation
What is the difference between traumatic and non-traumatic?
Superficial or membranous
Where is non-traumatic brain hemorrhage most likely to be?
Brain parenchyma
What are the most common causes of non traumatic brain hemorrhage
Chronic hypertension, cerebral amyloid angiopathy in elderly, in young pts- drugs, immunocompromised pt, cancer pt receiving chemo, vaso-invasive infections, iatrogenic or intrinsic coagulation deficits
What size are lacunar infarcts?
1 cm or less
Where are common intracranial hypertensive bleeds or strokes
70% in deep grey matter, 10-20% in cerebral lobes and the rest in the pons and cerebellum.
Why does Leukemia cause hemorrhage?
Loss of platelets due to cancer and chemotherapy
What can we do to treat aneurysms?
clip them
When would a kid show up with congestive heart failure due to an AVM?
Shunting in the vein of galen
What is a cavernous angioma?
An AVM without a shunt. Autosomal dominant. No arterial component- mostly small venous leaks. Often present with seizure.
What is the early gross sign of stroke?
Mass effect and edema
Where are the most common strokes originating from outside the brain?
heart, great vessels of the neck- atherosclerotic emboli. Occasionally, the circle of willis
