Pathophysiology and Causes

Question 1

What is the most common cause of meningitis?

Answer 1

Viral (Aseptic)

Question 2

What are the most common viral causes of meningitis?

Answer 2

Coxsackie, Polio (less now) and echovirus.

Less so mumps and herpes

Question 3

What organisms causes the most serious meningitis?

Answer 3

Bacteria

Question 4

What are the common bacterial meningitis organisms for what age?

Answer 4

Neonates - 1) Group B strep. 2) E.Coli. 3)Listeria

3m - 3ys - 1) Strep Pneumonae 2)N.meningitidis. 3)Hib

Kids/Teenagers - 1) N.meningitidis. 2) Strep pneumonae

Elderly - 1) S.pneumonae 2) N.meningitidis. 3)Listeriaa

Question 5

What bacterial infection is the most fatal?

Answer 5

S.pneumonae

Question 6

Which ones have been reduced due to vaccinations?

Answer 6

H.influenzae

Meningococcal C (n.meningitidis)

Question 7

which bacterial one is gram positive

Answer 7

S.pneumonae

Question 8

which bacterial one is gram negative

Answer 8

N.meningitidis

Question 9

Which one commonly causes septicaemia?

Answer 9

N.meningitidis

Question 10

Which one is common in close communities?

Answer 10

N.meningitidis

Question 11

What is the cause of fungal meningitis?

Answer 11

Cryptococcus

PIGEONS

Question 12

What are some common causes of encephaltis?

Answer 12

Herpes (aciclovir)

MUMPS and MEASLES

Protazoa (Malaria and T.brucei rhodiense or gambiense)

Question 13

What do prions cause, what are the agents and what are the symptoms?

Answer 13

Transmissable spongiform encephalitis

CJD/Scrapie

Rapid dementia

Question 14

What is the CSF profile for each?

Answer 14

Question 15

What is the difference between a meningoccoccal and pneumococcal meningitis?

Answer 15

Meningococcal - N.meningitidis

Pneumococcal - S.pneumonae