Pathoma Acute Inflammation

Question 0

Prostaglandin

Answer 0

Produced by cyclooxygenase
PGI2, D2, E2 - arteriol vasodilation and increased vascular permeability
E2- pain and fever

Question 1

Toll like receptors

Answer 1

On cells of innate immense system, activate by PAMP
CD-14 recognizes LPS (PAMP) and binds TLR-4
TLR activates NFkB- activates immune response genes - acute
Also present on lymphocytes

Question 2

Leukotrienes

Answer 2

Produced by 5-lipoxygenase
LTB4- attracts and activates NØ
C4, D4, E4- vasoconstriction, bronchospasm, increased vascular permeability

Question 3

Key mediators that attract NØ

Answer 3

LTB4
IL-8
C5a
Bacterial products

Question 4

What activates mast cells?

Answer 4

Trauma
C3a, 5a
Cross linking of cell-surface IgE by antigen

Question 5

Important components of complement

Answer 5

C3a, 5a - trigger mast cell degranulation- histamine vasodilation of arterioles and increased vascular permeability
5a- attractant for NØ
3b- opsonin for phagocytosis
MAC- lyses microbe by creating pores

Question 6

Hageman factor (XII)

Answer 6

Activated with exposure to sub endothelial or tissue collagen
DIC- coagulation and fibrinolytic system
Complement
Kinin system- bradykinin- vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, pain

Question 7

Cardinal signs

Answer 7

Redness, warmth (rubor, calor)- histamine, bradykinin, PG - vasodilation
Swelling (tumor)- histamine, tissue damage- fluid leaks from leaky post capillary venue
Pain(dolor) - bradykinin, PGE2
Fever- macrophages release IL-2 and TNF, increase cox activity in the perivascular cells of the hypothalamus, increase PGE2, increase temperature set point