Pathology of the Muscular System

Question 1

Inflammation of a skeletal muscle

Answer 1

Myositis

Question 2

Simultaneous inflammation of several voluntary muscles.

Answer 2

Polymyositis

Question 3

Abnormal condition of muscle tone. (Impairment of voluntary muscle movement)

Answer 3

Dystonia

Question 4

The permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin that occurs when normally elastic connective tissues are replaced with nonelastic fibrous tissues.

Answer 4

Contracture

Question 5

A sudden involuntary contraction of a muscle.

Answer 5

Spasm

Question 6

Condition of extreme slowness in movement.

Answer 6

Bradykinesia

Question 7

aka “Wryneck”. A stiff neck that is due to spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles that pulls the head towards the affected side.

Answer 7

Spasmodic Torticollis

Question 8

The protrusion of a muscle through its ruptured sheath.

Answer 8

Myocele

Question 9

Delayed relaxation of a muscle after a strong contraction.

Answer 9

Myotonia

Question 10

A chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction and produces serious weakness of the voluntary muscles.

Answer 10

Myasthenia Gravis

Question 11

The most common muscular dystrophy in children. Primarily affects boys with an onset between ages 3-5 years old, unable to walk at 12 years old. Develops difficulty in breathing and heart diseases.

Answer 11

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Question 12

Is very similar to Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, but is less severe.

Answer 12

Becker Muscular Dystrophy

Question 13

Pain in Tendon

Answer 13

Tenodynia

Question 14

Inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow.

Answer 14

Epicondylitis

Question 15

Cramp like pain of the leg muscles caused by poor circulation.

Answer 15

Intermittent Claudication

Question 16

Paralysis of the muscles of the heart.

Answer 16

Cardioplegia

Question 17

Occurs when the tendons become inflamed and get caught in the narrow space between the bones within the shoulder joint.

Answer 17

Impingement Syndrome

Question 18

Inflammation of tendons caused by excessive or unusual use of a joint.

Answer 18

Tendinosis

Question 19

Hardened calcium deposits in the plantar fascia.

Answer 19

Heel Spurs

Question 20

Abnormally decreased motor function or activity.

Answer 20

Hypokinesia

Question 21

Inflammation of fascia (bottom of your foot)

Answer 21

Fasciitis

Question 22

Chronic condition characterized by fatigue and pain

Answer 22

Fibromyalgia

Question 23

Inflammation of sheath surrounding a tendon

Answer 23

Tenosynovitis

Question 24

Inflammation of tendons due to overuse

Answer 24

Tendinitis (tendonitis)

Question 25

Profound fatigue not improved by bed rest and may be worsened by physical or mental activity.

Answer 25

Chronic fatigue syndrome

Question 26

Lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement

Answer 26

Ataxia

Question 27

Involuntary jerking of muscle(s)

Answer 27

Myoclonus

Question 28

aka “Hiccups”. The involuntary jerking (myoclonus) of diaphragm.

Answer 28

Singultus

Question 29

Painful localized spasm

Answer 29

Cramp

Question 30

Impairment of voluntary movements

Answer 30

Dyskinesia

Question 31

Progressive weakness and degeneration of skeletal muscles.

Answer 31

Muscular dystrophy

Question 32

Lacking normal muscle tone

Answer 32

Atonic

Question 33

Diminished tone of the skeletal muscle

Answer 33

Hypotonia