Pathology of the mouth/esophagus Flashcards
What are the 3 Ms of a pathological HSV specimen/
- Multinucleation
- Margination of the nucleus
- Molding of the nucleus
What cells does HSV infect?
epithelial cells
What are the features of cytomegalovirus?
Owl-eye appearance
What types of cells does CMV infect?
endothelial and mesenchymal cells
What does mucormycosis look like?
ONLY broad bulbous hyphal forms that are at 90 degree angles
Pyogenic granuloma
Benign lobular capillary hemangioma
Aphthous ulcer
self-resolution. Canker sore
Leukoplakia
A white, hard, firm plaque. We worry that this will turn malignant.
Hairy leukoplakia: benign or malignant? What is it associated with?
Benign. Seen in HIV pts assoc’d with EBV infection.
What will you see on a hairy leukoplakia specimen?
hyperkeratosis, balloon cells, and acanthosis
Erythroplakia
Pre-malignant
What is squamous cell carcinoma assoc’d with?
smoking, alcohol, and HPV
In which salivary glands are neoplasms most likely to be malignant?
sublingual
What are two types of benign salivary gland tumors?
pleomorphic adenoma
warthin tumor
What are three types of malignant salivary gland tumors?
mucoepidermoid carcinoma
Acinic cell carcinoma
Adenoid cystic carcinoma
What types of cells do you see in a pleomorphic adenoma? Where are they most commonly found?
epitheial and myoepithelial. Found in the parotid gland
What are you worried about with a pleomorphic adenoma of the salivary gland?
Malignant transformation has a poor prognosis
Where would you find a warthin tumor?
parotid
What are the two components of a warthin tumor?
epithelial and lymphoid
What is the most common malignant tumor of the salivary gland?
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
What are the two types of cells in a mucoepidermoid malignant tumor?
mucus secreting and squamous
What is a typical finding in a adenoid cystic carcinoma?
Perineural invasions
Which of these salivary neoplasms has the best survival?
Mucoepidermoid
In what conditions would you see an esophageal web?
Plummer vinson syndrome. Usually in women over 40
What are the components of plummer vinson syndrome?
- Web
- Anemia
- Gossitis
- Cheilosis
- Upper esophagus carcinoma
What is a mallory-Weiss tear? How would it present?
Laceration at the GEJ. Will see forceful vomiting
What is Boerhaave syndrome?
Esophageal rupture. Catastrophic
In which patients would you see esophageal varices?
cirrhotic pts (90%!)
What are the two types of esophageal carcinoma?
Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma
What kind of carcinoma does Barrett’s esophagus give rise to?
adenocarcinoma
What are the criteria for Barrett’s esophagus?
- Endoscopic evidence of columnar epithelium
- Intestinal metaplasia (goblet cells)
- ->The presence of goblet cells defines barrett esophagus
How do you treat a platient with BE?
Routine surveillance and biopsy.
What is the standard of care Tx for esophageal adenocarcinoma?
Esophagectomy. High morbidity and mortality
