Pathology Of The Heart Flashcards
Bradycardia/Heart Block (atrioventricular block)
Failure of proper conduction of impulses from the SA node through the AV node to the atrioventricular bundle.
Arrhythmias
Abnormal heart rhythms (dysrhythmias)
Flutter
Rapid but regular contractions, usually of the atria.
Fibrillation
Very rapid, random, inefficient, and irregular contractions of the heart. (350 beats or more per minute)
Congenital heart disease
Abnormalities in the heart at birth
Coarctation of the aorta
Narrowing of the aorta
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
Passageway between the aorta and the pulmonary artery remains open after birth
Septal defects
Small holes in the wall between the atria or the ventricles
Tetralogy of Fallot
Congenital malformation involving 4 distinct heart defects
Congestive heart failure (CHF)
Heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood
Coronary artery disease (CAD)
Disease of the arteries surrounding the heart
Endocarditis
Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart
Hypertensive heart disease
High blood pressure affecting the heart
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP)
Improper closure of the mitral valve
Murmur
Extra heart sound, heard between normal beats
Pericarditis
Inflammations of the membrane surrounding the heart
Rheumatic heart disease
Heart disease caused by rheumatic fever
Aneurysm
Local widening of an arterial wall
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
Blood clot (thrombus) forms in a large vein, usually in a lower limb.
Hypertension (HTN)
High blood pressure
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD)
Blockage of arteries carrying blood to legs, arms, kidneys, and other organs
Raynaud disease
Recurrent episodes of pallor and cyanosis primarily in fingers and toes
Varicose veins
Abnormally swollen and twisted veins, usually occurring in the legs
