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S3M3 > Pathology of Cardiac and Vascular Tumors > Flashcards

Pathology of Cardiac and Vascular Tumors Flashcards

1
Q 
Hemanhioma 
Age
Location
Types
Prognosis
A

Infancy/Childhood
Skin>Visceral organs
Types
Capillary Hemangioma - Pyogenic granuloma - Inflammed capillary hemangioma - granuloma gravidarum - pregnant women gums
Cavernous Hemangioma - large cavities fill with blood

Regresses Spontaneously

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2
Q

Hemangioma
Gross Appearance
Histologic Appearance

A

Red to blue nodule

Closely packed thin-walled capillaries - No capsule!! Hard to surgically remove

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3
Q

Cavernous Hemangioma
Location
Histology
Significance

A

Visceral Distribution
Large cavernous channels filled with RBCs - NO CAPSULE
Bleeding especially in the liver –> hypovolemic shock
Do not regress as spontaneously

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4
Q

Von Hippel Lindau VHL syndrome

A

AD
Tumor Supressor Gene
Cavernous Hemangioma/Hemangioblastoma - cerebellum, retina

High risk of renal cell carcinoma **

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5
Q

Lymphangioma
Age
Location
Types

A 
Children 
Skin and Subcutis - neck, head, axillae 
Morphologic Types 
     Capillary
     Cavernous - cystic hygroma - usually recurs after surgery - congenital syndrome seen in pt with turner's syndrome
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6
Q

Lymphangioma
Gross
Histology

A

Poorly demarcated soft nodule without a capsule

Histology - NO RBCs

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7
Q

Glomus Tumor (Glomangioma)

what is a glomus body? what are glomus cells?

A

Benign Tumor of Glomus body

Glomus body - arteriovenous anastomosis involved in thermoregulation

Glomus cells - Modified SMC

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8
Q

Glomus Tumor
Location
Histology

A

Distal digits - under finger nails
PAINFUL !!!!

Histology
vascular channels
Perivascular aggregates of glomus cells

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9
Q

Vascular Ectasia

What is it?
Is it a neoplasm?
Types?

A

Localized dilation of preexisting BV - not a neoplasm!!

Types
Teleangiectasia - single vessel - spider teleangiectasia
Nevis flammeus - large anatomic are
Nevus fammeus nuchae - located on neck
Port wine Stain
Struge-Weber Syndrome

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10
Q

Spider Telangiectasia

A

Face, neck and upper chest
Hyperestrinism in pregnancy or liver cirrhosis

Compression = disappears

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11
Q

Nevus Flammeus

Color
Location
Prognosis
Types

A 
birth mark 
Congenital capillary malformation 
neck and head 
Pink purple flat 
Usually regresses 
Subtypes 
    Nevys Flammeus Nuchae - stork Bite
   Port wine stain - does not regress
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12
Q

Sturge Weber Syndrome

A

Port wine but in trigeminal nerve distribution

you can develop mental retardation

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13
Q

Bacillary Angiomatosis

What ?
Who?
2 Species?
Organs effected?

A

Vascular proliferation

Immunocompromised hosts, oppurtunistic infection - Bartonella
B henselae - cat scratch
B. quintana - trench fever , body lice

Skin bone brain

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14
Q

Hemangioendothelioma

A

Endothelium in origion

Intermediate malignancy - local excision

*not high yield

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15
Q

Hemangiopericytoma

A

Origin - pericytes

Intermediate malignancy

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16
Q

Kaposi Sarcoma (KS

Mode of transmission

A

Malignant tumor of lymphatic endothelium
HHV-8 - opportunistic infection in AIDS patients

Transmission - Sexual Intercourse, Saliva, Blood transfusions
Skin is primarily affected

17
Q

Variants of KS

A

Chronic (European/Classic) KS
Lymphadenopathic (African/Endemic) KS
Transplant-associated KS
AIDS associated KS

18
Q

KS gross appearance

A

Skin lesion - pink-red-purple patch –> plaque –> nodule
Patch - flat
Plaque - elevated flat topped
Nodule - elevated dome shaped lesion

19
Q

Histology

A

Spindle Shaped cells - resemble fibroblasts but do not produce collagen
Small vessels and slit like spaces - rows of RBCs
Interstitium - RBCs, hemosiderin, Macrophages, and plasma cells

20
Q 
(Hem)angiosarcoma 
Age 
Location 
What causes it?
Prognosis
A

Adults
Skin, soft tissue, breast and liver

Irradiation! Hepatic angiosarcoma- Arsenic, thorotrast and PVC **
Highly metastatic - poor prognosis

21
Q

Hemangiosarcoma
Gross
Histology

A

large fleshy mass - no borders - hemorrhages and necrosis

Sheets of pleomorphic endothelial cells
CD31 + endothelial marker

22
Q

Lymphangiosarcoma

A

Chronic Lymphedema

Usually after radical mastectomy

Latency period ~10 years

Morphology - resembles hemangiosarcoma except presence of RBC/s

23
Q

Cardiac Myxoma

Where?
Histology?
Complications?

A

LEFT Atrium
Stellate or spindle shaped cells embedded in a myxoid stroma

Weight loss, fatigue, fever, anemia, elevated ESR - release of cytokines, particularly IL6

Complications
Obstruction of mitral valve orifice
Systemic embolization with brain infarcts

24
Q

Cardiac Rhabdomyoma

Who?
Where?
Prognosis?
Histology?

A

Children
Ventricles
Regresses spontaneously

Spider cells

S3M3 (11 decks)

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