Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Fall > Pathology Exam 1 > Flashcards

Pathology Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Break in the skin, yellow, red, white

A

Ulcer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

WBC, Neutrophils

A

Puss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Macule

A

Flat/ Different color/ Small
Example= Freckle

Melanotic macule= Diagnosis Term
1cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Patch

A

macule but larger surface area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Papule

A

Small/ Raised/ Elevated area, like pushing up
Example= cryptococcus in HIV
1 cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Plaque

A

smooth/ raised/ bigger then papule
2 cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Vesicle

A

Small / Raised/ serous fluid
(Blister like)
Example= recurent Herpes Labialis simplex—usually unilateral on lips
1cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Bulla

A

Large/ Serous fluid/ 2cm
Example= Pemphigus Vulgaris = Autoimmune disorder
AD= making their own antibodies
PV= makes antibodies towards (Desmosomes)= cell to cell connection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pustule

A

Raised with creamy yellow liquid (neutrophils) ———–(Abcess)
Example= Pyostomatis vegetans inflammatory bowel disease = multiple pustules throughout the mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Sessile

A

Base of lesion/ is not stem like! Extra tissue.
Example= Fibroma (scars) OMA= Tumer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Pedunculated

A

Stem like base like mushroom
Example= Fibro epithelial polyp / Denture fibroma = never taking out denture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Nodule

A

Solid/ can feel it/ palpate/ found in soft tissue
- Endophytic Nodule= IN ward U don’t feel it , can stretch to see it
- Exophytic Nodules= Protruding OUT / Raised and can feel it
Example= Thrombosed Varix= harden Bloot clot in Vain, BLUE= Vain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Petechiae

A

Pinpoint Round spots, result in bleeding into the skin/ Mucosa
Example= Infectious mononucleosis—- capillaries
Platelets stop bleeding!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Erythematous

A

Abnormal Redness of mucosa / Gingiva (look like a TARGET)
Pink ring, brown ring, red ring.
Example=Erythema Multiforme
Body is doing something to itself that it shouldn’t= Immune mediated.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Erythroplakia

A

CLINICAL TERM! Red patch, Velvety, Granular= little red patched
Example= Granular Erythroplakia
-Inflammatory

90% of time diagnoised microscopically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Leukoplakia

A

CLINICAL TERM!
White plaque like lesion on oral mucosa that CAN’T be wiped off!!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Palor

A

Paleness, not enough RBC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Corrugated

A

Winkled Gentetically inherited
Example=White sponge nevus= too much kerotine= top layer of skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Fissured

A

Cleft showing prominent depth
Example= Melkersson Rosenthal Syndrome = Facial paralyses
Syndrome= multiple things that show at the same time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Papillary

A

Bumpy on the surface/ Found in clusters/ small elevations (Warts in the mouth)
Example= Squamous papillomas – Wartz, denied tumor caused by
infectious HPV - wartz in mouth= LOW RISK!

*Neoplastic because its begining of tumor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Radiolucent

A

Dark areas, Energy passes through

22
Q

Radiopaque

A

Light areas, Energy doesn’t pass through

23
Q

Diffuse

A

not well-defined borders
Example= Fibrous dysplasia (Hazy, cant see clearly) = Ground Glass

24
Q

Well circumscribed

A

borders are defined
Example= Central Giant Cell Granuloma = Giant cells inside, RBC

25
Q

Unilocular

A

Single circle, well defined, corticated (white border)
Example= Simple radicular Cyst

26
Q

Multilocular

A

Soap bubbles/ Honey combed
Extends beyond one distinct area, has many lobes fused together
Example= odontogenic keratocyst

27
Q

Scalloping

A

Traumatic bone cyst

28
Q

CLINICAL process

A

u look at something with no biopsy! Based on apperance
- Color/ Shape/ Location/ History
Example= Fordyce granules, torus, tori, hairy tongue (EOE/IOE)

29
Q

Historical Diagnosis

A

Medical history/ Dental history/ Personal History
Example=
Inherited genetic disorder- Amelogenesis imperfecta (abdnormal enamel formation), genetic disorders

Calcium channel blockers (Nifedipine) ging overgrowth

30
Q

Radiographic Diagnosis

A

look at Xray and say what it is, No biopsy
Example= Supernumerary teeth, impacted teeth, resorption
Pulp gets eaten

31
Q

Laboratory Diagnostic

A

Lab tests urine/blood/ tissue tests
Example= Serum alkaline phosphate levels increased= PAGETS disease with radiographic features. (Cotton wool, Hypercementosis) – extra cementum

32
Q

PAGETS

A

Serum alkaline phospahate increase
coton wool
hypercementum

33
Q

Microscopic Diagnosis

A

Removed tissue looked at under microscope
-Odontogensis keratocysts
-Fibrous dysplasis “Ground Glass”

Apear clinically as Leukoplakia/ Erythoplakia= 90% of time microscopically diagnosed

34
Q

-Epithelial Dysplasia
-Squamous cell Carcinoma

A
  • Term for premalignant lesion. (dysplasis= stage before cancer)
    -After infiltration of cells into submucosa

*above basement membrane abdnormal cells before cancer
Broken through membrane = cancer

35
Q

Angular cheitis

A

Caused by fungal infection or iron deficency
- use iron to treat dosnt go away: then caused by
oral candiasis(fungal infection)

Red fisured cracking at commisures of lips

36
Q

Therapeutic

A

Use medications/ therapies and wait for response
angular cheitis

37
Q

Differential

A

order of the diagnosis, what’s most likely first to least likely

38
Q

Fordyce granules

A

Lips/ buccal mucosa/ ectopic sebacous glands/ tiny yellow lobules

39
Q

Torus palatinus

A

Midline of hard palate

40
Q

Mandibular tori

A

bilateral/ lingual aspects of mandibular/ outgrowth of bone

41
Q

Melanin Pigmentation of Mucosa

A

Common in dark skin individuals

42
Q

Melanin

A

pigment that gives color to skin, eyes, hair, mucosa, gingiva

43
Q

Retrocuspid Papilla

A

SOFT/ bilateral/ sesile nodule on gingival margin of the lingual aspects of the mandibular cuspids
less then 25 years old usually

44
Q

Lingual Variocities

A

Prominate lingual veins/ Ventral and lateral surface of tongue
common in 60 and older

45
Q

Linea alba

A

White line that extends anteroposteriorly on buccal mucosa
Caused by Keratin
Maybe bilateral- prominate in clenchers/ grinders

46
Q

Leukoedema

A

Edema= Fluid
Opalescence of buccal mucosa/ when stretched the grey/white color fades

47
Q

Histology of leukoedma

A

Intracellular edema of the spinous cells/ acanthosis

48
Q

Lingual Thyroid Nodule

A

Normally thyroid decends to location in neck
this is when Lingual Thyroid Nodule it dosnt decend and causes issues with speaking and swallowing

49
Q

Median Rhomboid glossitis

A

Maybe with candida albicans infection// midline dorsal of tongue
DEPAPULATED /RED/ Mid dorsal side of tongue can be shiny/ smooth

50
Q

Geographic Tongue

A

Shiny depalpulated area with red and white borders / no filiform
“Erythema Migrans “
“Benign Migratory glossitis”
scince no filiform sensations go streight to nerves= sensitive.
caused by stress

51
Q

Hairy tongue

A

Increased accumilation of KERATIN on filiform papilla
Hydrogen peroxide/ Alch / chem rinses can help stimulate filform papilla

52
Q

Etopic

A

in a location not usually seen

Fall (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions