Pathology Chs 7&8

Question 1

The common cold

Answer 1

Viral infection of the upper respiratory tract - URTI

Question 2

How is the common cold spread

Answer 2

Through direct contact

Question 3

S/S of a cold

Answer 3

Watery eyes
Sore throat
Nasal Congestion
Dry cough
Headache

Question 4

How long does a cold last

Answer 4

Less than a week

Question 5

CI of Cold

Answer 5

Not in acute stage. Light work in Subacute stage only. Energy work better.

Question 7

Influenza (Flu)

Answer 7

Viral infection of the respiratory tract

Question 8

How is the Flu transmitted

Answer 8

Airborne. Systemic

Question 9

S/S of the Flu

Answer 9

Fever
Chills
Muscle aches
Congestion 
Coughing
Sneezing

Question 10

CI of Flu

Answer 10

Contraindicated during acute stage. Circulation can bring on worse effects. Light work only during subacute stage.

Question 11

Sinusitis

Answer 11

Inflammation of the sinuses from allergies, infection or physical obstruction

Question 12

S/S of Sinusitis

Answer 12

Headache
Localized tenderness
Runny or congested nose
Facial or tooth pain

Question 13

CI Sinusitis - NON Pathogenic (chronic)

Answer 13

Indicated

Question 14

S/S Acute Sinusitis (infection)

Answer 14

Fever
Chills
Nasal congestion
Facial or tooth pain

Question 15

CI of Acute Sinusitis

Answer 15

Contraindicated

Question 16

COPD

Answer 16

Emphysema, Bronchitis, Asthma - all in one.

Question 17

Asthma

Answer 17

Spasming of the bronchial tubes

Question 18

S/S of Asthma

Answer 18

Wheezing
Coughing
SOB

Question 19

Bronchitis

Answer 19

Chronic inflammation of the Bronchii

Question 20

S/S of Bronchitis

Answer 20

Barking cough

Question 21

S/S of Emphazema

Answer 21

SOB
Rales
Cyanosis

Question 22

Emphysema

Answer 22

Degradation of the Alveolar

Question 23

CI of Asthma

Answer 23

Caution with allergens

Can help relieve stress

Question 24

CI of chronic bronchitis

Answer 24

Caution with secondary diseases

Light work only

Question 25

CI of Emphysema

Answer 25

Caution with secondary diseases such as heart failure. Semi-reclined position best for COPD

Question 26

Celiac Disease

Answer 26

Wheat allergy

Question 27

S/S of Celiac disease

Answer 27

``` Malnutrition Abdominal pain Rashes Weight loss Irritability Depression ```

Question 28

CI of Celiac Disease

Answer 28

Indicated but client should be encouraged to seek medical advice if symptoms last longer than 2 weeks

Question 29

Gastroenteritis

Answer 29

Infection of the GI system | Could be from food poisoning

Question 30

S/S of gastroenteritis

Answer 30

``` Nausea Vomiting Diarrhea Bloody stool Fever ```

Question 31

CI of gastroenteritis

Answer 31

Contraindicated while acute | If chronic, work with a healthcare team. Be cautious of infection

Question 32

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease - GERD

Answer 32

Chronic splashing of gastric juices into the esophagus

Question 33

S/S of GERD

Answer 33

Heart burn Bitter taste Stomach acid Can become serious if untreated

Question 34

CI of GERD

Answer 34

Uncomfortable after eating. Semi-reclined position better

Question 35

LIVER: Cirrhosis

Answer 35

Scar tissue in the liver replacing dead liver cells

Question 36

S/S of Cirrhosis

Answer 36

``` Nausea Vomiting Weight loss Red, itchy patches on skin Jaundice ```

Question 37

CI of Cirrhosis

Answer 37

Indicated as part of a health team only

Question 38

PANCREAS: Pancreatitis

Answer 38

Inflammation of the pancreas

Question 39

S/S of pancreatitis

Answer 39

``` Sudden severe upper abdominal pain radiating to the back Nausea Vomiting Weight loss Possible jaundice ```

Question 40

CI for Pancreatitis

Answer 40

Contraindicated while acute | Ok while subacute with Dr note if not in pain

Question 41

PERITONEUM: Peritonitis

Answer 41

Inflammation of the peritoneum

Question 42

S/S of Peritonitis

Answer 42

``` Diffused to localized pain Nausea Vomiting Abdominal swelling Rebound tenderness ```

Question 43

CI of Peritonitis

Answer 43

Contraindicated-send to ER

Question 44

Gallbladder

Answer 44

Stores bile. Gall stones can obstruct ducts

Question 45

Endocrine System

Answer 45

Secretes hormones. Regulates homeostasis via chemicals

Question 46

Diabetes (4 types) Type1

Answer 46

Lack of insulin due to resistance

Question 47

Diabetes type 2

Answer 47

Most common. Insulin is made but doesn’t work with cells | Cells are resistant

Question 48

Etiology of diabetes

Answer 48

``` Pathologies in: Cardiovascular system Nervous system Integumentary system Urinary system ```

Question 49

Complications from diabetes

Answer 49

Cardiovascular: prone to heart attacks Integumentary: cuts won’t heal, numbness, tingles Nervous system: bad circulation leading to amputation Urinary system: kidney problems causing need for dialysis

Question 50

Hypoglycemia

Answer 50

Low blood sugar

Question 51

Questions to ask type 2 diabetics (taking insulin)

Answer 51

1. Do you know what you feel like when your blood sugar is low? 2. Will you tell me if this happens? 3. What should I do if this happens?

Question 52

S/S of Hypoglycemia

Answer 52

Confusion Weakness Tremors

Question 53

CI for hypoglycemia

Answer 53

Medical emergency

Question 54

How long does the Flu last

Answer 54

It lasts several days and is still contagious during this time