Pathology, and Physiology, Chapter 11

Question 1

Aorta

Answer 1

Largest artery in the body

Question 2

Arteriole

Answer 2

Small artery

Question 3

Artery

Answer 3

Largest type of blood vessel; carries blood away from the heart to all parts of the body.

Question 4

Atrium

Answer 4

One of two upper chambers of the heart; (plural, atria)

Question 5

Capillary

Answer 5

Smallest blood vessel; materials pass to and from the bloodstream through the thin capillary walls.

Question 6

Coronary Arteries

Answer 6

Blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle.

Question 7

Diastole

Answer 7

Relaxation phase of the heartbeat.

Question 8

Endocardium

Answer 8

Inner lining of the heart.

Question 9

Mitral Valve

Answer 9

Valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle.

Question 10

Murmur

Answer 10

abnormal swishing sound caused by improper closure of the heart valves.

Question 11

Myocardium

Answer 11

muscular, middle layer of the heart.

Question 12

Sinoatrial Node

Answer 12

Specialized nervous tissue in the right atrium that begins the heartbeat.

Question 13

Septum

Answer 13

partition or wall dividing a cavity.

Question 14

sphygmomanometer

Answer 14

instrument to measure blood pressure.

Question 15

systole

Answer 15

contraction phase of the heartbeat.

Question 16

tricuspid valve

Answer 16

located between the right atrium and the right ventricle; it has three cusps.

Question 17

valve

Answer 17

structure in veins or in the heart that temporarily closes an opening so that blood flows in only one direction.

Question 18

vein

Answer 18

thin walled vessel that carries blood from body tissues and lungs back to the heart. contains valves to prevent backflow.

Question 19

ventricle

Answer 19

one of two lower chambers of the heart

Question 20

venule

Answer 20

small vein

Question 21

arrhythmias

Answer 21

abnormal heart rhythms

Question 22

flutter

Answer 22

rapid but regular contractions, usually of the atria

Question 23

fibrillation

Answer 23

very rapid, random, inefficient, and irregular contracts of the heart.

Question 24

congenital heat diease

Answer 24

abnormalities in the heart at birth

Question 25

congestive heart failure

Answer 25

heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood

Question 26

coronary heart failure

Answer 26

disease of the arteries surrounding the heart

Question 27

endocarditis

Answer 27

inflammation of the inner lining of the heart

Question 28

mitral valve prolapse

Answer 28

improper closure of the mitral valve

Question 29

murmur

Answer 29

extra heart sound, heard between normal beats

Question 30

aneurysm

Answer 30

local widening, dilation, of an arterial wall

Question 31

deep vein thrombosis DVT

Answer 31

blood clot forms in a large vein usually in a lower limb

Question 32

angia

Answer 32

chest pain

Question 33

auscultation

Answer 33

listening for sounds in blood vessels or other body structures, typically using a stethoscope

Question 34

bruit BRU-e

Answer 34

abnormal blowing or swishing sound heard during auscultation of an artery or organ.

Question 35

cardiac arrest

Answer 35

sudden, unexpected stoppage of heart action, often leading to sudden cardiac death.

Question 36

embolus

Answer 36

clot or other substance that travels to a distant location and suddenly blocks a blood vessel

Question 37

infarction

Answer 37

area of dead tissue

Question 38

occlusion

Answer 38

closure of a blood vessel due to blockage

Question 39

pericardial friction rub

Answer 39

scraping or grating noise heard on auscultation of the heart

Question 40

thrill

Answer 40

vibration felt over an area of turmoil in blood flow