Pathology, and Physiology, Chapter 11 Flashcards

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1
Q

Aorta

A

Largest artery in the body

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2
Q

Arteriole

A

Small artery

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3
Q

Artery

A

Largest type of blood vessel; carries blood away from the heart to all parts of the body.

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4
Q

Atrium

A

One of two upper chambers of the heart; (plural, atria)

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5
Q

Capillary

A

Smallest blood vessel; materials pass to and from the bloodstream through the thin capillary walls.

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6
Q

Coronary Arteries

A

Blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle.

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7
Q

Diastole

A

Relaxation phase of the heartbeat.

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8
Q

Endocardium

A

Inner lining of the heart.

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9
Q

Mitral Valve

A

Valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle.

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10
Q

Murmur

A

abnormal swishing sound caused by improper closure of the heart valves.

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11
Q

Myocardium

A

muscular, middle layer of the heart.

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12
Q

Sinoatrial Node

A

Specialized nervous tissue in the right atrium that begins the heartbeat.

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13
Q

Septum

A

partition or wall dividing a cavity.

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14
Q

sphygmomanometer

A

instrument to measure blood pressure.

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15
Q

systole

A

contraction phase of the heartbeat.

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16
Q

tricuspid valve

A

located between the right atrium and the right ventricle; it has three cusps.

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17
Q

valve

A

structure in veins or in the heart that temporarily closes an opening so that blood flows in only one direction.

18
Q

vein

A

thin walled vessel that carries blood from body tissues and lungs back to the heart. contains valves to prevent backflow.

19
Q

ventricle

A

one of two lower chambers of the heart

20
Q

venule

A

small vein

21
Q

arrhythmias

A

abnormal heart rhythms

22
Q

flutter

A

rapid but regular contractions, usually of the atria

23
Q

fibrillation

A

very rapid, random, inefficient, and irregular contracts of the heart.

24
Q

congenital heat diease

A

abnormalities in the heart at birth

25
Q

congestive heart failure

A

heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood

26
Q

coronary heart failure

A

disease of the arteries surrounding the heart

27
Q

endocarditis

A

inflammation of the inner lining of the heart

28
Q

mitral valve prolapse

A

improper closure of the mitral valve

29
Q

murmur

A

extra heart sound, heard between normal beats

30
Q

aneurysm

A

local widening, dilation, of an arterial wall

31
Q

deep vein thrombosis DVT

A

blood clot forms in a large vein usually in a lower limb

32
Q

angia

A

chest pain

33
Q

auscultation

A

listening for sounds in blood vessels or other body structures, typically using a stethoscope

34
Q

bruit BRU-e

A

abnormal blowing or swishing sound heard during auscultation of an artery or organ.

35
Q

cardiac arrest

A

sudden, unexpected stoppage of heart action, often leading to sudden cardiac death.

36
Q

embolus

A

clot or other substance that travels to a distant location and suddenly blocks a blood vessel

37
Q

infarction

A

area of dead tissue

38
Q

occlusion

A

closure of a blood vessel due to blockage

39
Q

pericardial friction rub

A

scraping or grating noise heard on auscultation of the heart

40
Q

thrill

A

vibration felt over an area of turmoil in blood flow