Pathology/Anatomy Vocab! Flashcards
having a rapid onset and short time course/duration
Acute
referring to the state prior to death
Antemortem
a macro- or micro-scopic alternation from a tissue/organ’s natural state produced by mechanical, chemical or other artificial means (ie. not naturally occurring)
Artifact (or artefact)
post-mortem process in which resident enzymes breakdown cells/tissues
Can be accelerated by several factors: high temperature (both external and internal as in fever states), infection (namely bacteria) or postmortem overgrowth of resident flora, increased adipose stores
Autolysis
property of acidic substances having an affinity for basic dyes; stain blue on histology (ex: nucleic acid)
Basophilic
the removal and examination of tissue from a living animal
Biopsy
having a long duration (vs acute)
Chronic
list of two or more diseases with similar clinical signs and/or lesions
Differential diagnoses
the common name used to refer to a specific morphologic or etiologic diagnoses
Ex: “shipping fever complex” (_______); Pneumonic pasteurellosis (etiologic diagnosis)
May also be referred to as a “clinical diagnosis”
Disease
characteristic of an animal disease that occurs more or less within a certain location (human counterpart - endemic)
Enzootic
syn: acidophilic; property of a basic substance having an affinity for acidic dyes; stain pink to red on histology (ex: protein)
Eosinophilic
of cell origin that line surfaces/ openings or have secretory properties
Ex: nasal mucosa, salivary glands, hepatocytes
Epithelial
characteristic of an animal disease that affects a large number of individuals simultaneously (human counterpart - epidemic)
Epizootic
lesion of surface epithelia (skin, mucosa) where the superficial layers are lost/destroyed by the basement membrane is left intact
Erosion
the name of a disease that incorporates both the cause and the process
Ex: Viral pneumonia - can be more specific - Herpesviral pneumonia
Etiologic diagnosis
the cause of a disease
Etiology
routine histologic stain
Hematoxylin stains acidic components blue (basophilic)
Eosin stains basic components pink (eosinophilic)
Hematoxylin and Eosin stain (H&E)
syn: microscopic pathology; the study of cellular changes in diseased tissues using a light microscope and various staining techniques
Histopathology
a micro- or macroscopic abnormality in tissue as the result of disease
Lesion
syn: morbid pathology; the study of macroscopic changes in tissue found at postmortem examination
Gross pathology
of connective tissue origin
Refers to cells forming connective tissue, including blood cells and vessels
Mesenchymal
the state of illness (ie. signs) from a disease or medical condition.
_________ rate refers to the ratio of disease individuals in relation to the population in which they occur (v mortality rate which is the ratio of deaths to number of individuals in a population within a period of time)
Morbidity
refers to a combination of terms that summarizes lesions/processes present at postmortem examination
Morphologic diagnosis
syn: postmortem examination; the systematic observation of tissues within the body after death
Necropsy
A disease-inducing agent
Pathogen
a sequence of events that describe the stages of development and involved mechanisms that produce a lesion or disease process
Pathogenesis
a micro- or macroscopic lesion that is both characteristic and specific of a particular disease
Ex: Negri bodies in neurons infected with Rabies virus
Pathognomonic
The state following death
Postmortem
the predicted outcome of a patient based on the likelihood of recovery as indicated by the nature and extent of the clinical signs and/or lesions
Prognosis
an objective/physical manifestation of disease
Ex: vomiting, weakness
Sign (Symptom used ONLY in HUMAN medicine)
syn: ulceration; the loss of epithelia down to the basement membrane or deeper
Ulcer
the degree of pathogenicity of an infectious agent
Ex: Distemper virus is highly ______ in non-vaccinated animals; parainfluenza virus is of low ______ in immunocompetent animals
virulence
a disease that is transmissible from animals to humans under natural conditions
Zoonosis
a-,an-
without
adeno-
gland
angio-, -angio
vessel
aniso-
unequal/variation
ante-
before
anthraco-
coal
anti-
against
arthro-, arthr-
joint
arterio-, arteri-
arteries
auto-
self
-blast
immature
blepharo-, blephar-
eyelid
brachy-
short
brady-
slow
bucco-, bucc-
cheek
carcino-
cancer, epithelial
cardio-, card-
heart
-cele
hernia or cystic cavity
-centesis
puncture
cheilo-, cheil-
lip
col-
colon
chole-, chol-
bile, biliary
chondr-, chondro-
cartilage
chrom-, chromo-
color
colla-
glue
contra-
opposite
cyst-, cysto-
bladder
dacryo-, dacry-
tears
dactylo-, -dactyl
digit
derm-, dermato-
skin
desm-, desmo-
of ligament
dia-
through
-dipsia
thirst
dys-
difficult, abnormal
-ectasis
dilate
-ecto
outside
-ectomy
excision
em-, en-, in-
in, on
-emesis
vomit
-emia
blood
encephal-,-encephal
brain
ent-ento-,end-,endo-
within
enter-,entero-
intestine
epi-
upon
