Pathology Flashcards
Suprasellar lesion, multiloculated, cystic and with calcifications, derived from remnants of Rathke pouch.
Craniopharyngioma
Insulin-dependent glucose transporter found in striated muscle and adipose tissue.
GLUT-4
Main causes of Addison disease.
Western world: autoimmune destruction.
Developing world: TB
Hypogonadism hypogonadotropic with failure of olfactory bulbs to develop.
Kallmann sx. ↓ GnRH, FSH, LH, testosterone
Histological characteristics of Follicular carcinoma.
Invades thyroid capsule and vasculature (unlike follicular adenoma). Associated with RAS mutation.
Sudden hemorrhage of pituitary gland → sudden onset headache, visual impairment , bitemporal hemianopia, diplopia, hypopituitarism.
Pituitary apoplexy
Clinical associations of MEN 1 syndrome.
Pituitary tumors Pancreatic endocine tumors Parathyroid adenomas Angiofibromas Meningiomas
HLA association with DM1
HLA-DR4 and HLA-DR3
Study diagnosis of beta thalassemia minor
Electrophoresis: ↑ HbA2 (>3.5%), due to b chain is underproduced
Clinical features of MEN 2B
Medullary thyroid carcinoma
Pheochromocytoma
Mucosal neuromas
Associated with marfanoid habitus, mutation of RET gene
Clinival features of MEN 2A
Parathyroid hyperplasia
Medullary thyroid carcinoma
Pheochromocytoma
Associated with mutation in RET
Papi and Moma adopted Orphan Annie
Papillary carcinoma. Psammoma bodies, nuclear grooves, empty-appearing nuclei.
Medullary carcinoma histological features
Parafollicular C cells. Sheets of polygonal cells in amyloid stroma strained in Congo red (calcitonin). Associated with MEN 2A y 2B
Histological differences between Hashimoto tyroiditis and Quervain subacute thyroiditis
Hashimoto: Hurtle cells, lymphoid aggregates with germinal centers
Quervain: Granulomatous inflammation (macrophagues and gigant cells)
Clinical findings in androgenic steroid abuse
Erythrocytosis, testicular atrophy, acne, virilization in woman
