Pathology Flashcards
The following are characteristc of irreversible cell injury, EXCEPT
A.Dilatation of endoplasmic reticulum B.Marked dilatation of mitochondria C.Discontinuities in plasma membrane D.Condesation of chromatin in the nucleus E. Fragmentation of the nucleus
a
A 66 year old male with history of hypertension arrives at the ER, presenting with slurring of speech and left sided-weakness. What type of necrosis is most likely seen in the patient’s brain tissue?
A.Coagulative necrosis B.Liquefactive necrosis C.Gangrenous necrosis D.Fat necrosis E.Caseation necrosis
b
Which statement characterizes the type of necrosis, seen in the case mentioned in the previous question?
A..A form of tissue necrosis in which the component cells are dead but the basic tissue architecture is preserved.
B.Characterized by digestion of dead cells, resulting in transformation of the tissue into a liquid viscous mass (pus).
C.Coagulative necrosis with superimposed liquefactive necrosis inolving multiple tissue layers.
D.Necrotic fat cells, surrounded by inflammation
E.Friable, white appearance of necrosis, appears as a structureless collection of fragmented granular debris enclose within a distinctive inflammatory border
b
What is the mechanism of edema seen in liver cirrhosis?
A.Increased hydrostatic pressure B.Decreased oncotic pressure C.Lymphatic obstruction D.Sodium retention E.Inflammation
b
Which of the following is a type of hypersensitivity reaction that results from the activation of TH2 CD4+ helper T cells by environmetal antigens.
A.Bronchial asthma B.Autoimmune hemolytic anemia C.Post-streptococcal acute glomerulonephritis D.SLE E.Multiple sclerosis
c
Post kidney transplant patient developed hematuria 3 hours after the procedure, nephrectomy was done and revealed a cyanotic, mottled, flaccid kidney and necrotic cortex. Findings included neutrophilic accumulation in the arterioles, glomeruli and peritubular capillaries. The glomeruli underwent thrombotic occlusion of capillaries and fibrinoid necrosis in arterial walls. What type of transplant rejection is most likely seen
A.Hyperacute rejection B.Acute cellular rejection C.Acute antibody rejection D.Chronic rejection E.None of the above
c
A tumor suppressor gene that regulates cell cycle progression, DNA repair, cellular senescence, and apoptosis, and the most frequently mutated gene in human cancers
A.Rb B.PTEN C.APC D.WT1 E.p53
e
The mutation of the gene mentioned in the previous question, is associated with which of the following? *
A.Retinoblastoma B.Cowden syndrome C.FAP D.Wilms tumor E.Li-Fraumeni syndrome
e
Type of Hodgkin lymphoma with nodular infiltrates of small lymphocytes admixed with macrophages and also associated with lymphohistiocytic variant of RS cells that possess multilobed nuceli resembling popcorn kernels
A.Nodular sclerosis B.Mixed cellularity C.Lymphocyte-rich D.Lymphocyte-predominant E.Lymphocyte-depleted
a
35 year old male presents with sever headache and diplopia associated with fever and fatigue. Area along the course of superficial temporal artery was tender upon palpation. What is the most likely diagnosis *
A.Takayasu arteritis B.Polyarteritis nodosa C.Giant cell arteritis D.Churg-strauss E.Wegener granulomatosis
d
In a post-MI patient, what morphologic changes are likely seen on the 4th day
A.Early coagulation necrosis, edema and hemorrhage
B.Pyknosis of nuclei, myocyte hypereosinophilia, early neutrophilic infiltrate
C.Loss of nuclei and striations
D.Early phagocytosis of dead cells by macrophages at infarct border
E.Early formation of fibrovascular granulation tissue at margins
a
Characterized by sterile vegetations that can develop on the valves of patients with SLE; small granular, pinkish vegetations 1-4 mm in diameter and can be located on the undersurface of AV valves, on the cords or endocardium.
A.Acute bacterial endocarditis B.Subacute bacterial endocarditis C.Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis D.Libman-Sacks endocarditis E.None of the above
c
Patient presents with a triad of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure, with a history of bloddy diarrhea. Which of the following statements is true regarding the patient’s most likely diagnosis?
A.Primary defect of ADAMTS13
B.Associated with E.Coli O157:H7
C.Decreased gp Ib leading to defective platelet adhesion
D.Decreased gp IIB-IIIA leadng to defective platelet aggregation
E.Most common inherited blleding disorder
b
48 year old obese male, appearing to be cyanotic comes to the clinic complaining of productive cough for the past 5 months, patient also claimed to have experience productive cough lasting 3 months in the previous. Which of the following is characteristic of the patient’s likely diagnosis
A.Permanent enlargement of the airspaces distal to the terminal bronchioles, accompanied by destruction of their walls without obvious fibrosis.
B.Mucus gland hyperplasia and hypertrophy
C.Bronchial smooth muscle cell hypertrophy and hyperreactivity
D.Curschmann spirals and Charcot-Leyden crystals
E.Permanent dilatation of bronchi and bronchioles caused by destruction of the muscle and elastic supporting tissue.
a
The most frequent form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis
A.TB lymphadenitis B.TB meningits C.Pott's disease D.Miliary tuberculosis E.Both B and C
a
