Pathology Flashcards
1
Q
Asymptomatic
A
A term meaning without symptoms
2
Q
Symptom
A
Subjective feeling that only the person experiencing them is aware
3
Q
Idiopathic
A
Disease without a know cause
4
Q
Narcotic
A
Substance that reduces the body’s ability to respond to stimuli by producing generalized insensitivity
5
Q
Diuretic
A
Substance used to increase urine formation & excretion
6
Q
Hypnotic
A
Substance that produces sleep
7
Q
Infectious Disese
A
Disease caused by biologic agents such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, Protozoa, or parasites
8
Q
Anticoagulant
A
Substance that prevents or reduces the ability of the blood to form clots
9
Q
Antihypertensive
A
Substance used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure)
10
Q
Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction
A
Generalized term to describe disorders affecting the jaw joint, it’s musculature, or both
11
Q
Osteoporosis
A
Loss of normal bone density resulting in increased susceptibility to fractures
12
Q
Kyphosis
A
Exaggeration of normal posterior curvature of the thoracic spin
13
Q
Paraplegia
A
Paralysis of the lower trunk & legs
14
Q
Parkinson’s Disease
A
Progressive, degenerative neurologic disorder that produces a syndrome of abnormal movement
15
Q
Quadriplegia
A
Paralysis of the trunk and all four extremities
16
Q
Herniated Disc
A
Protrusion of the nucleus pulposus through a tear in the annulus fibrosus
17
Q
Type 2
A
The most common type of diabetes mellitus, with most cases related to central obesity & sedentary life style
18
Q
Cushing Syndrome
A
Disease characterized by excessive amounts of cortisol in the blood (hypercortisortisolism) usually from prolonged excessive use of high-dose cortisone drugs
19
Q
Goiter
A
Any enlargement of the thyroid gland
20
Q
Hyper-gly-Cemia
A
Term use to describe low blood sugar
21
Q
Lymphadenopathy
A
Term use to describe enlarged lymph nodes
22
Q
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
A
Infectious viral disease causing progressive impairment of the immune system
23
Q
Thrombosis
A
Transformation of fluid blood into a gelatinous mass; also known as a blood clot
24
Q
Phlebitis
A
Inflammation of veins
25
Anaphylaxis
Life-threatening systemic hypersensitivity that may lead to anaphylactic shock & death
26
Lymphadenitis
Term used to denote infection in lymph nodes
27
Embolism
Floating matter in the intravascular space that is carried by blood & occludes a blood vessel
28
Arrhythmias
Any deviation from a normal hear beat or rhythm
29
Exacerbation
Period of increased sign & symptoms; also called a flare up or relapse
30
Acute
Pain that begins abruptly & usually has recognizable cause
31
Whiplash
Strain of the cervical spine usually from injury sustained by being pushed or struck from behind such as being rear-ended in a motor vehicle accident
32
Bunion
Foot deformity that occurs when the first metatarsophalangeal joint become medially displaced
33
Fibromyalgia
Chronic, generalized syndrome characterized by diffuse soft tissue pain & physical finding of multiple tender points with no signs of inflammation or degeneration in the tissue
34
Plantar Fasciitis
Chronic inflammation of the plantar fascia most often from prolonged, repetitive motion
35
Autoimmune Disease
Large group of diseases marked be an inappropriate or excessive response to the immune system
36
Radiation Therapy
Use or ionizing radiation canner cells
37
Chemotherapy
The use of chemical agents to destroy canner cells
38
Hematuria
Term use to describe blood in the urine
39
Sinusitis
Inflammation of mucosal lining of the paranasal sinuses
40
Bronchitis
Inflammation of the bronchial mucosa with resultant swelling & mucus hypersecretion
41
Hay Fever
General term used to describe any hypersensitivity of the nasal mucosal to allergens, usually from plant pollen
42
Gastritis
Inflammation of the gastric mucosa
43
Endometriosis
Presence of functional endometrial tissue outside the uterus
44
Phobic Disorder
Fear of certain objects spiders, snakes or specific situations being in crowds, pubic speaking that produce excessive & persistent anxiety
45
Remission
Period of partial or complete disappearance of disease sign & symptoms
46
Sign
Objective indicator of disease that is obvious to someone other than the affected individual
47
Allergen
Substance that produce's allergic reactions
48
Dysmenorrhea
Painful menstruation
49
Menopause
Cessation of menstruation with the passing of 12 months since a women's last menstrual cycle.
50
Seasonal Affective Disorder
Depression that occurs in relation to the seasons, most commonly the winter months when the day length is shorter & less natural sunlight is available.
51
Bursitis
Inflammation of the bursar, usually caused by overuse prolonged repetitive motion, or excessive pressure.
52
Cirrhosis
Progressive liver disease in which cells are destroyed & replaced by fibrous sear tissue, giving the liver a yellow orange colour & a cobble appearance.
53
Hernias
Protrusions of tissues or organs through a weakness in a membranous or cavity wall, most of which are located in the abdomen
54
Genial Warts
Shin lesions on the genitalia caused by the human papilloma virus
55
Benign Prostatic hyperplasia
Non-malignant & non-inflammatory disease characterized by enlargement of the prostate gland
56
Topical
Term referring to a substance applied to the body's surface such as the skin or mucous membranes
57
Antihistamine
Substance used to reduce the effect of histamine, usually by blocking histamine receptors.
58
Impetigo
Highly contagious bacterial skin infection that occurs mainly around the mouth, nose and hands.
59
Keloid
Scar that extends beyond the wound site.
60
Contact Dermatitis
Dermatitis caused by contact with either an irritant or an allergen
61
Ostecarthritis
Type of arthritis characterized by progressive damage & eventual loss of articular cartilage, often called wear-and-tear arthritis
62
Hypothyroidism
General term used to describe thyroid hormone deficiency.
63
Varicose Veins
Dilated veins resulting from incompetent valves
64
Myocardial infarction
Death of myocardial tissue from interrupted blood supply & prolonged ischemia
65
Emphysema
Permanent destruction of alveolar walls, affecting its elasticity.
66
Pulmonary Embolism
Occurs when a blood clot or foreign material causes partial or complete occlusion
67
Dialysis
Method of removing toxic substances from the blood when the kidneys are unable to do so.
68
Major Depressive Disorder
Disorder with hallmark symptoms of prolonged periods of profound sadness with marked hopelessness & a loss of self esteem accompanied by a lack of interest in any activity or loss of interest in interpersonal relationship & feelings that interface with a person's ability to work sleep, study, eat, & enjoy once pleasurable activities.
69
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Inflammation of any or all organs of the female reproductive tract.
70
Carcinogens
Cancer causing agents such as chemicals, radiation, and viruses.
71
Metastasis
Spreading of cancer cells from a primary site of origin to distant sites.
72
Oncology
Study of Tumors
73
Virus
Disease causing agent that is unable to grow or reproduce it self outside a host cell & cannot carry out independent metabolic activities.
74
Sprain
Stretching or tearing of ligaments without bone displacement usually from joint trauma & classified into 3 degrees of severity.
75
Multiple sclerosis
Progressive demyelination of neurons of the brain, spinal cord & cranial nerves (especially the optic nerve) that leads to scarring and plaque formation, which interferes with the transmission of the nerve impulse.
76
Transient Ischemic Attack
Brief episode of impaired brain functioning caused by a temporary reduction of blood flow, lasting from just seconds to possibly hours with symptoms gradually subsiding.
77
Migraine Headache
Severe, recurrent headaches that are frequently incapacitating & are accompanied by symptoms such as visual disturbances & nausea.
78
Graves Disease
Autoimmune disease characterized by hyperthyroidism that causes various symptoms such as anxiety, hand tremors, weight loss, brittle or loss of hair & unusual protrusion of the eyeballs.
79
Anemia
Reduction in the quantity of either red blood cells or hemoglobin, which impairs the bloods ability to carry oxygen to cells
80
Congestive Heart Failure
Inability of the heart to pump blood to meet the body's demands.
81
Common Cold
Cute information of the upper respiratory tract mucosa, usually can find the nose and throat but can involve the larynx as well.
82
Sedative
Substance producing feeling of calmness & relaxation not necessarily accompanied by sleep; also know as a tranquilizers.
83
Atherosclerosis
A group of diseases characterized by a series of events that lead to thickening and loss of elasticity of arterial walls.
84
Cystic Fibrosis
Genetic disorder that causes hyper secretion of cells that produce mucus, saliva, and digestive juice causing narrowing and obstruction of the respiratory and digestive tract.
85
Pregnancy
Sequence of events that begins with implantation, continues with embryonic and fetal growth and end in birth. Divided into three trimesters
86
Angina Pectoris
Chest pain that results from reduced blood supply to the heart.
87
Shingles
Infection caused by reactivation of the varicella-zoster. (Virus that causes chicken pox)
88
Ringworm
fungal infection of the skin characterized by a red raised round or oval sealing area that spreads peripherally with clear centre, creating the ring appearance
89
Psoriasis
Chronic skin disorder in which proliferation of skin cells is greatly accelerated and instead of renewing every month, occurs in a few days, with old skin cells pilling up in thick patches.
90
Vitiligo
Irregular patches of unpigmented skin that appears milky white.
91
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Chronic, inflammatory and systemic type of arthritis that first affects synovial membranes then spreads to articular cartilages and joint capsules.
92
Cold Sores
Recurrent infection that affects the skin and mucous membranes, usually from herpes simplex virus type one.
93
Gastroenteritis
Acute inflammation of the gastric and intestinal mucosa
94
Hiatal
Type of hernia in which part of the stomach protrudes through the diaphragm and into the thorax
95
Mastitis
Information of one or both breasts
96
Generalized anxiety disorder
Disorder characterized by fragrant persistent worry and Anxiety well beyond what is appropriate for a situation
97
Postpartum depression
Depression felt in mothers within six months after childbirth
98
Manic depressive disorder
Synonym for bipolar disorder
