Pathology

Question 1

D: abnormal muscular contractions of the colon, does not cause inflammation or permanently damage the intestines or increase colon cancer
E: Reacts strongly to certain foods more symptoms present when women on their menses
S/S: abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, constipation and sometimes diarrhea with mucus
Massage: use rhythmic gliding strokes, semi reclining position if client is nauseated, no rocking movements

Answer 1

IBS (Irritable Bowel Syndrome)

Question 2

D: pain along the medial tibia, often bilateral common in athletes and new exercise programs
E: common cause overuse; overpronation of the foot, fallen foot arches, Precursor to anterior compartment syndrome
S/s: pain and tenderness along the tibia, mild swelling may be present. Disappears with rest to severe pain that makes exercise unbearable
Massage: ask about quality of pain, use PRICE treatment method, massage with elevation dorsiflexion and plantar flexion of the ankle are use to stretch the bones

Answer 2

Shin Splits Syndrome ( Medial Tibial Stress syndrome)

Question 3

Protective response to infection, injury or irritation
Sharp acronymn (Swellling, Heat, A loss of function, Redness, and pain)
Vasodilation
Massage: postpone massage

Answer 3

Inflammation

Question 4

disease with unknown cause

Answer 4

idiopathic

Question 5

lateral curvature of the spine, usually the thoracic region
Structural-vertebral rotation; etiology is unknown some congenital; degenerative can lead to unstable of the spine Massage considerations:position for comfort use bolsters etc target the ilopsoas, quadratus lumbrom, deep tissue myofascia release

Answer 5

scoliosis

Question 6

hardening of the arteries; c/b thickening and loss of elasticity of arterial walls, c/b fibrous plague. s/s usually asymptomatic at first, chest pain , MI, TIA strokes Massage considerations: caution to anterior of throat due to cause of possible plague dislodgement, avoid carotids all together

Answer 6

arteriosclerosis

Question 7

arthritis resulting from build up of uric acid crystals in the joints. Waste product from the kidneys. d/t high levels hyperuricemia,
3 stages:1) asymptomatic hyperuricemia 2) acute gout 3) chronic tophaceous gout
acute -abrupt and excricating to walk, chronic tophi may develop on areas of the joints
s/s: pain at the metatarsophalangeal joint in the great toes; Massage: during flare ups massage is postponed

Answer 7

gout

Question 8

blood in the urine

Answer 8

hematuria

Question 9

Inflammation of a vein can turn to thrombophlebitis, c/b venous stasis or meds s/s painful and tender to pressure hot or cold. Massage is postponed on the affected extremity raise above the heart

Answer 9

phlebitis

Question 10

swelling, abnormal accumulation of fluids from overlaoad
Generalized or massive anasarca, localized edema, independent edema lower extremities, pitting and non pitting edema, feeling of heaviness or tightness aching or discomfort in the affected or adjoining areas.
Massage avoid if red or tender, light pressure elevate light pressure

Answer 10

edema

Question 11

removal of the uterus;

Answer 11

hysterectomy

Question 12

is a surgical procedure for male sterilization and/or permanent contraception. During the procedure, the male vasa deferentia are severed and then tied/sealed in a manner so as to prevent sperm from entering into the seminal stream (ejaculate) and thereby prevent fertilization.
avoid area, none until 10 days afterwards

Answer 12

vasectomy

Question 13

removal of one or both breast p.369
partial or segmented (removal of more than a single breast quandrant) total or simple removal of the entire breast ; modified/radical (removal of breast, pectoralis minor and axillary lymph nodes); radical mastectomy (removal of breaast, pectoralis major and minor and axillary lymph
MC: ask about s/s, avoid any affected areas, none if surgery recent until 10 days after with medical clearance, , timing sessions for fatigue blankets for decreased temps

Answer 13

mastectomy

Question 14

cessation of menstrual cycle;

Answer 14

menopause

Question 15

inflammatory condition of any or all organs of the female reproductive tract and my include cervicitis on endometritis; primarily caused by bacterial infections and STI; fever, thick foul smell discharge, irregular bleeding, pelvic tenderness and painful intercourse; massage postponed until medically cleared

Answer 15

PID

Question 16

malignancy of the uterus. accounts for 6% of cancers in all women, 46,470 new cases 8120 deaths 4th common cancer found in women after breast cancer, lung and colorectal cancer
s/s: abnormal vaginal bleeding, late stages discomfort or pressure in the abdomen or lower back or palpable abdominal mass, bleeding after intercourse and unexplained weight
MC:ask about s/s, no lower extremity massage until postop x 10 days, chemo timing sessions, massage.

Answer 16

uterine cancer

Question 17

malignancy of the prostate gland, ofter occurs in pelvic lymph nodes and skeletal system, PSA DRE for screening
s/s: urethral obstruction, urinary weakness or painful urination blood in the urine
MC: s/s, no massage on lower legs until 10 days aferwards, avoid any incisions

Answer 17

prostate cancer

Question 18

sexually transmitted herpes simplex virus 2 only sexually can appear on buttocks and inner thighs avoid massage to this area Type 1 cold sores
Outbreaks occur on the average 5 of 8 per times a year
S/s blisterlike lesions tingling and burning sensation heal crust over 7-10 days, some fever fatigue women more than men gets it, women also may have like discharge both painful urination

Answer 18

genital herpes

Question 19

mental eating disorder refusal to maintain a normal body weight, low calorie food very meticulous, perfectionist and high achievers, exercise/laxatives fear of becoming obese non purging
extreme weight loss, emaciation appearearance, cessation of menstrual cycle, abdominal pain, dry skin, brittle nails and hair waxy skin appearance
Massage: might want to keep clothes on, keep extra blankets due to decreased temps, light strokes, abdominal massages for constipation

p.465

Answer 19

anorexia nervousa

Question 20

binge and purge, laxatives, diuretics excessive exercise and fasting d/t to low self -esteem, psych issue, social cultural issues, family conflicts
s/s:near normal to overweight/eroded teeth sores in mouth d/t vomiting rectal bleeding from overuse of laxatives, decreased blood pressure, fatigue constipation dry skin thin hair brittle nails
treated with multiteam approach
MC: helpful with uplifting self esteem, might want to be clothed, good emollient with dry skin

Answer 20

bulimia

Question 21

periodic regurgitation of gastric contents into the esophagus often seen with people who have hiatal hernias, s/s: heartburn worsens when lying down usually 30-60 minutes after eating, increased vomiting or belching can lead to esophageal cancer tx: antacids or weight reduction smoking cessation and no caffeine, spicy foods and alcohol. MC: avoid eating a heavy meal at least 2-3 hours prior to massage, ask about positions like side-lying chest and abdomen might be sensitive

Answer 21

GERD

Question 22

pressure ulcers
stages 1-4
infection can be present
MC: postponed if ulcer has a discharge or foul odor possible infection, contraindicated within a 4 inch radius around the ulcer’s edge, gentle massage using gliding strokes

Answer 22

decubitis ulcers

Question 23

ulceration of the mucosal lining in parts of the GI tract exposed to acidic gastric juice c/b h. pylori common causes use of NSAIDS s/s pain in epigastrium, heartburn or indigestion may feel full after eating nausea and vomiting blood in stool bleeding present
MC: as client about pain with meals , refrain from eating a heavy meal prior to coming ask about positions slow gliding strokes for relaxation

Answer 23

peptic ulcers

Question 24

usually located in the kidneys, renal pelvis or ureters made up of calcium phosphate, calcium oxalate, uric acid and cystine enlargement, c/b: genetics, low water intake diet high in clacium, vt d, protein or oxalate,gout and hyperparathyroidism or illness s/s: flank pain, feeling nausea, vomiting fever and foul odor urine lower UTI
MC: contraindicated in acute phase, help no percussion on lumbar area

Answer 24

kidney stones

Question 25

Bladder infection, c/b E. Coli, S/S: pain to lower back region burning and pain on urination, blood in urine cloudy urine with foul odor, MC: none with fever, fever 48 hrs free, no massage over pelvic and lumbar region, opt for different positions, void prior to massage.

Answer 25

cystitis

Question 26

kidney infection of one or both kidneys which sometimes associated with urinary infections c/b:bacteria from lower urinary tract through the bloodstream s/s: fever,chills, extreme fatigue; nausea; vomiting and abdominal suprapubic and lumbar pain, foul odor increased pain burning sensation MC: none because of acute episodes like fever, consider positions no vigours percusiion or vibration

Answer 26

pyelonephritis

Question 27

Inflammation of plantar fascia c/b: prolonged repetitive motion. s/s: pain and tenderness in the heel and midplantar surface of the foot especially during dorsiflexion tx: rest and use of meds or orthotics MC: ask about pain, deep friction on the plantar surface of the foot, reduce adhesions, watch plantarflexion soak in warm water

Answer 27

plantar faciitiis