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Massage Midterm > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Divides body upper and lower
Superior/Inferior
Rotation

A

Transverse Plane

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2
Q

Closer to the head/closer to the feet

Ex shoulders superior to the knees , knees inferior to the shoulder

A

Superior/Inferior

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3
Q

Closer to the head/closer to buttocks or feet

A

Cranial/Caudal

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4
Q

Further to the front/Further toward the back

Ventral/Dorsal

A

Anterior/Posterior

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5
Q

Closer to the midline/Away from the midline

A

Medial/Lateral

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6
Q

Structure further away from the trunk/Structure closer to the trunk
Only when referring to the arms and legs
Elbow proximal to the wrist
Ankle distal to the knee

A

Distal/Proximal

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7
Q

Closer to the body’s surface/Deeper to body surface

Pec Major is superficial to the ribs

A

Superficial/Deep

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8
Q

Movement opens or straightens joint/ movement bends joints brings bones closer together
Takes place in the Sagittal plane

A

Extension/Flexion

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9
Q

Bring joint toward the body/move away from the body

Happens in frontal plane

A

Adduction/Abduction

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10
Q

Internal/external rotation

Occurs at shoulder and hip joints

A

Medial/lateral rotation

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11
Q

Pertains to the axial skeleton only head and vertebral column
Happens in transverse plane

A

Rotation

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12
Q

At shoulder and hip joints
Cone shape movement
All movements together

A

Circumduction

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13
Q

Occurs at axial skeleton

Bends lateral side

A

Lateral Flexion

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14
Q

Turn upward/turn downward
Radius crosses the ulna
Can occur at the feet

A

Supination/Pronation

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15
Q

Turn in/ Turn Out

A

Inversion/Eversion

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16
Q

Push jaw forward/Push jaw back inosition

A

Protraction/Retraction

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17
Q

Wander from the usual course occurs at the mandible during talking and chewing/ happens only at the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb pad crosses the palm toward the last pinkie

A

Deviation/Opposition

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18
Q

Retracts when performing Adduction
Protraction performing abduction
Upward and downward rotation

A

Scapula movements

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19
Q

To push downward/push upward

A

Plantar Flexion/Dorsiflexion

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20
Q

How many bones

A

206

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21
Q

The skeleton’s center, cranium,vertebral column, ribs, sternum, and hyoid bone.

A

Axial Skeleton

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22
Q

Divides the body into left and right halves
Medial and lateral
Flexion and Extension occurs here
Midsagittal plane here

A

Sagittal Plane

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23
Q

Is composed of the arms and legs, including the pectoral girdle( scapula and clavicle) and pelvic girdle (hips)

A

Appendicular Skeleton

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24
Q

The second veterbra

A

Axis

(C2)

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25
Q

First cervical vertebra, articulating with the occipital bone and rotating around the odontoid process of the axis.

A

Atlas

C1

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26
Q

Triangular shaped bone
Stabilization and arm movement
Attachment site for 16 muscles

A

Scapula

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27
Q

Shinbone

Runs superficially from knee to the ankle

A

Tibia

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28
Q

Lateral to the Tibia
Thinnest bone in the body
Only bare 10% of body weight

A

Fibula

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29
Q

Considered the sit bones
Located on the most nefarious aspect of the pelvis at the gluteal fold
Attachment site for hamstrings,adductor Magnus and sacrotuberous ligament

A

Ischial Tuberosity

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30
Q

Located distal to Iliac Crest, superficial located on the side of the hip.
Attachment site for gluteus ledius, minimums, and lateral rotators of the hip.

A

Greater Trochanter

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31
Q

Helps form the hip

Fuses with ischium and pubis

A

Ilium

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32
Q

Fuses with the ilium and pubis forms the hip bone

A

Ischium

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33
Q

Small uniquely shaped bones wedged together

Accessible along the dorsal surface of the foot

A

Tarsals

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34
Q

Divisions of the spine

A

Cervical,Thoracic and lumbar

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35
Q

How many bones in the vertebral column

A

24

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36
Q

How many bones in cervical vertebrae

A

7

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37
Q

How many bones in thoracic?

A

12

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38
Q

How many bones in lower back

A

5

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39
Q

Shin splits happens here

Thick membrane between the tibia and fibula

A

Interosseous membrane

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40
Q

Bump of knowledge
Small superficial point along the back of the head at the center of the occiput
Attachment site of trapezius muscles, ligament umm nuchae

A

External Occipital Protuberance

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41
Q

Horse shaped
Located superiorly to thyroid cartilage
Attachment site for the supra hyoid infra hyoid muscles
Elevates while swallowing

A

Hyoid Bone

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42
Q 
Jaw Bone
Body lower jaw
Base jaw line
Submandibular Fossa on the underside
Ramus
A

Mandible

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43
Q

Form the center of the face,inferior portion of the orbit of the eye
Surface around the nose, and the upper jaw in which upper row of teeth articulate

A

Maxilla

44
Q

Formed by the temporal and zygomatic bones.

Attachment site for masseter muscle

A

Zygomatic Arch

45
Q

Divides the body into front and back portions
Anterior and posterior
Adduction/Abduction

A

Frontal (Coronal Plane)

45
Q

Formed by the metatarsophalangeal joints and interphalangeal joint of the foot

Formed by the metacarpophalangeal joints, proximal interphalangeal joints, and distal interphalangeal joints of the hand (14)

A

Phalanges

47
Q

Muscle that carries out an action

A

Agonist

48
Q

Muscle that supports the agonist

A

Synergist

49
Q

Muscle that has an opposite action of agonist

A

Antagonist

50
Q

Attaches Muscle to Bone

A

Tendon

51
Q

Connects bone to bone

A

Ligament

52
Q

Range usually expressed in degrees, through which a joint can move or be moved.
Active or Passive

A

Range of Motion

53
Q

Applied by the therapist while the client remains relaxed

A

Passive Movement

54
Q

Performed actively performs the movement

A

Active Movement

55
Q

Performed by the client while the therapist assists

A

Active Assisted Movement

56
Q

Performed by the client while the therapist gently resists

A

Active Resisted Movement

57
Q

Longest muscle in the body
L.Sartor, tailor
A: Flex, lateral rotate, abduct the hip; flex and medially rotate the knee
O: ASIS
I: proximal,medial shaft of the tibia at pes Anserinus tendon
N: Femoral, L2,3,(4)

A

Sartorius

58
Q

large superficial and the most clearly isolated of the group lies lateral to the tibial shaft
A: Invert the foot, dorsiflex the ankle
O:lateral condyles, proximal, lateral surface of tibia and the interosseous membrane
I: Medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal
N: Deep peroneal L4,5,S1

A

Tibialis Anterior

59
Q

A: Invert the foot/ Plantar flex the ankle
O: Proximal, posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; interosseous membrane
I: All five tarsal bones and bases of second through fourth metatarsals

A

Tibialis Posterior

60
Q

located on the lateral side of the fibula,
lies between the extensor digitorum longus and the soleus
both accessible

A

Peroneals

61
Q

A: Evert the foot/ Plantar flex the ankle
O: head of fibula/proximal two-thirds of lateral fibula
I: Base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform

A

Peroneus Longus

62
Q

A: Evert the foot/Assist to plantar flex the ankle
O: Distal two-third of lateral fibula
I: Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal

A

Peroneus Brevis

63
Q

large muscle mass of the posterior leg

A

Gastrocnemius and soleus muscles

64
Q

when the gastrocnemius and soleus forms together its called the

A

triceps surae

65
Q

superficial
has two heads
crosses the two joints the knee and the ankle
greek for belly of the leg
between the hamstring tendons, extend halfway down the leg to the calcaneal tendon and thin

A

Gastrocnemius

66
Q

deep to the gastrocnemius, yet its medial and lateral fibers bulge from the sides of the leg and extend further distal than the gastrocs heads.
thick
considered the second heart helps return blood from leg to the heart

A

Soleus

67
Q

A; Flex the knee/Plantar flex the ankle
O: Condyles of the femur, posterior surfaces
I: Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

A

gastrocnemius

68
Q

A: Plantar flex the ankle
O: Soleal line; proximal, posterior surface of tibia and posterior aspect of head of fibula
I: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

A

Soleus

69
Q

located along the posterior thigh between the vastus lateralis and adductor magnus
hip extensors and knee flexors
ALL ORIGINATE AT ISCHIAL TUBEROSITY

A

HAMSTRINGS

70
Q

lateral hamstring, has two heads

superficial long head and a deeper indicernible short head

A

Biceps Femoris

71
Q

Medial hamstrings include the two semi muscles

lies superficial to the wider and deeper

A

Semitendinousus and semimembranosus

72
Q

A: flex the knee/laterally rotate the flexed knee; long head: Extend the hip/ and Assist to laterally rotate the hip/tilt the pelvis posteriorly
O: Long head ischial tuberosity; Short head Lateral lip of linea aspera
I: head of fibula

A

Biceps Femoris

73
Q

A: Flex the knee/ Medially rotate the flexed knee/Extend the hip/ assist to medially rotate/ Tilt pelvis posteriorly

O: Ischial Tuberosity

I: Proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon

A

Semitendinousus

74
Q

A: Flex the knee/ Medially rotate the flexed knee/Extend the hip/ assist to medially rotate/ Tilt pelvis posteriorly

O: Ischial Tuberosity

I: Posterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia

A

Semimembranosus

75
Q

four large quadriceps muscles primarily extend the knee

A

Quadriceps Femoris Group

76
Q

Name all four of the Quadriceps

A

Rectus femoris, Vastus Medialis, vastus Lateralis, and Vastus inermedius

77
Q

located on the anterior thigh and is the only quadriceps that crosses two joints the hp and knee, superficial

A

Rectus Femoris

78
Q

deep to the rectus femoris can be accessed if shifted to the side

A

Vastus intermedius

79
Q

teardrop muscle palpable mor outer

A

Vastus Medialis

80
Q

sole muscle of the lateral thigh, lies next to the biceps femoris, one of the hamstrings
deep to the iliotibial tract accessible

A

Vastus Lateralis

81
Q

All Extend the knee
Rectus femoris Flex the hip as well

O: Rectus Femoris -anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)
Vastus Medialis-Medial lip of linea aspera
Vastus Lateralis-lateral lip of linea aspera,gluteal tuberosity and greater trochanter
Vastus Intermedius-Anterior and lateral shaft of the femur
I:Tibial Tuberosity via the patella and patellar ligament

A

Actions of Quad group

82
Q

The three gluteal muscles are located in the buttock region, deep to the surrounding adipose tissue

A

Gluteals

83
Q

superficial most posterior of the group
All Fibers: Extend, laterally rotate, abduct the hip lower fibers adduct the hip
O: Coccyx, edge of sacrum,posterior iliac crest, sacrotuberous and sacroiliac ligaments

I:Iliotibial tract(upper fibers) and gluteal tuberosity(lower fibers)

A

Gluteus Maximus

84
Q

helps both Gluteus Maximus/Minims
walking muscle/hip stabilizer
“Deltoid muscle of the coxal joint”
A: Abduct the hip., Flex and Medially rotate the hip(Anterior Fibers), Extend/Laterally Rotate the hip

O: Gluteal surface of ilium, between posterior and anterior gluteal lines, just below the iliac crest

I: Lateral Aspect of greater Trochanter

A

Gluteus Medius

85
Q

lies deep to the gluteus medius inaccessible
attaches to anterior surface of greater trochanter
performs opposite actions of the gluteus maximus

A: Abduct/med rotate/flex the hip
O: Gluteal surface of the ilium between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines
I: Anterior aspect of greater trochanter

A

Gluteus minimus

86
Q

Six muscles located deep to the gluteus maximus and create lateral rotation of the hip
-all attach to the aspects of the trochanter and medially to the sacrum and pelvis
Piriformis,
Quadratus Femoris,
Obturator Internus,
Obturator Externus,
Gemellus Superior, and Gemellus Inferior

A

Deep Six or Lateral Rotators of the Hip

87
Q

lies superficial to the sciatic nerve danger for over compressing it
A: Laterally rotate and Abduct the hip when the hip is flexed
O: Anterior surface of sacrum
I: Superior aspect of greater trochanter

A

Piriformis

88
Q

A: Laterally rotate the hip
O: Lateral border of ischial tuberosity
I: Intertrochanteric crest, between the greater and lesser trochanters

A

Quadratus Femoris

89
Q

A: Laterally rotate the hip
O: Obturator Membrane and inferior surface of obturator foramen
I: Medial surface of greater trochanter

A

Obturator Internus

90
Q

A: Laterally rotate the hip
O: Rami of pubis and ischium, obturator membrane
I: Trochanteric fossa of femur

A

Obturator Externus

91
Q

A: Laterally rotate the hip
O: Ischial Spine
I: Medial surface of greater trochanter

A

Gemellus Superior

92
Q

A: Laterally rotate the hip
O: Ischial Tuberosity
I: Medial surface of greater trochanter

A

Gemellus Inferior

93
Q

Name the five adductors are located along the medial thigh between the hamstrings and quadriceps femoris muscles

A 
Adductor Magnus
Adductor Longus
Adductor Brevis
Pectineus
Gracilis
94
Q

These are most anterior adductors

A

Pectineus and adductor longus

95
Q

Behind the pectineus and adductor longus
O: inferior ramus of pubis
I: Pectineal line and medial lip of linea aspera

A

adductor brevis

96
Q

floor of the adductors lies anterior to the hamstrings
most posterior
O: inferior ramus of the pubis, ramus of ischium and ischial tuberosity (has the hole)

I: Medial lip of linea aspera and adductor tubercle

A

adductor magnus

97
Q

Fifth adductor
lies superficially on the medial thigh
is the only adductor that crosses the knee
O: inferior ramus of pubis
I: Proximal, medial shaft of tibia at pes anserinus tendon
semitendons/semimembranous

A

Gracilis

98
Q

All adduct the hip, medially rotate the hip
All except Gracilis assist to flex the hip
Gracilis flex the knee, medially rotate
Posterior fibers of Adductor Magnus Extend the hip

A

Actions of the adductors

99
Q

O Pubic tubercle

I medial lip of linea aspera

A

Adductor Longus

100
Q

O: superior ramus of pubis
I: Pectineal line of femur

A

Pctineus

101
Q

TFL, small superficial muscle located on the lateral side of the upper thigh
Easily accessible between the upper fibers of the rectus femoris and the gluteus medius,

A: flex, medially rotate, abduct the hip
O Iliac crest, posterior to the ASIS
I iliotibial tract

A

Tensor Fasciae Latae

102
Q 
A: longest tendon in the body
Weak plantar flexion of the ankle
Weak flexion of the knee 
O: lateral supracondylar line of femur
I: Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
A

Plantaris

103
Q 
unlocking joint key that unlocks the knee
 located in the popliteal space
small short belly 
lying beneath the gastrocnemius
weak flexor of the knee

A : medially rotate the flexed knee, Flex the knee
O: Lateral condyle of the femur
I: Proximal, posterior aspect of tibia

A

Popliteus

104
Q

finlike sheet of connective tissue that runs along the sagittal plane from the external occipital protuberance to the spinous process of c-7 in the neck

** Helps stabilize the head and neck and attachment site for superficial muscles like the traps and splenius capitis.

A

Ligmentum Nuchae p.218

105
Q

(Latin: rough line) is a ridge of roughened surface on the posterior surface of the femur, to which are attached muscles and intermuscular septum.

Vastus Medialis attaches to the Medial lip of this
Vastus Lateralis originates at the lateral lip of this
Short head of the biceps femoris originates at the lateral lip of this

A

Linea Aspera

106
Q

the anterior opening of the mandibular canal on the body of the mandible lateral to and above the mental tubercle giving passage to the mental artery and nerve.

A

Mental Foramen

107
Q

outer/moveable

proximal/non-moveable

A

insertion

origin

Massage Midterm (4 decks)

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