Pathology Flashcards
What are the steps of inflammation?
Vasoconstriction
Vasodilation-Histamine and Prosteglandins
Increased vascular permeability
Vascular Stasis
-Margination-Leukocytes move to endothelial walls
-Adhesion- Leukocytes stick to walls
-Transmigration- Leukocytes squeeze through gaps in the endothelial cells
Chemotaxis- Drives PMN and other leukocytes to the area
Opsonization- Prepares reistant pathogens for phagocytosis
Phagocytosis- Digestion of foreign material by leukocytes
Termination of process- debris removed through lymphatic system
What are two types of agranulocytes?
Monocytes and macrophages (specific for particular tissue)
What is teratology?
Study of developmental anomalies that take place during fetal development
How do congenital deformities differ from developmental or hereditary disorders?
Congenital happens at birth, dev during development, hereditary by genes
What is Trisomy 21?
Down Syndrome, 1-1.5 extra chromosome #21
What are common dental implications of trisomy 21?
Anterior open bite, crossbite, mandibular prognathism
What is Klinefelter Syndrome?
Extra X chromosome in the male genotype
What are characteristics of klinefelter syndrome?
Lack of sexual development (small testes) and gynecomastia
What is Turner Syndrome?
Called monosomy X, monosomy of the X chromosome
What are characteristics of Turner Syndrome?
Webbing of the neck, short stature, low hairline, no ovaries and need hormone replacement to develop sexual characteristics.
What is cru du chat syndrome?
Deletion of genetic material from chromosome 5
What are characteristics (also intraoral) of cru du chat syndrome?
Cry like meowing of cat
