Pathology Flashcards
spondylitis
inflammation of the vertebrae
spondylolysis
defect of the pars interarticularis (arch of the vertebrae)
spondylolysthesis
anterior slippage of one vertebrae over the other
CP
(cerebral palsy) umbrella term used to describe a group of non-progressive movement disorders that result from brain damage
down syndrome
genetic abnormality of chromosome 21
spina bifida
birth defect when spine/spinal cord don’t fully develop
- spina bifida occulta
- meningocele
- myelomeningoceled
dysphagia
difficulty swallowing
akinesia
difficulty initiating movement
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
genetic disorder characterized by the destruction of myofibrils causing loss of muscle contractility
- proximal LE musculature affected first
Gower’s sign
maneuver in which pt walks hands up their legs to achieve standing
- positive indicator of muscular dystrophy
diverticulitis
inflamed/infected diverticula (pouch-like protrusions in the colon)
Crohn’s disease
inflammatory bowel disease in which the lining of the gastrointestinal tract becomes abnormally inflamed
celiac disease
intolerance to gluten, characterized by poor nutritional absorption
dysmetria
difficulty judging distance or range of motion needed to complete a movement (results in under/over shooting)
asthenia
generalized weakness secondary to cerebellar pathology
scapular winging
inability to maintain the scapula against the thorax caused by weakness of serratus anterior or impairment of the long thoracic nerve
disc herniation
when nucleus pulposus bulges through annulus fibrosis
athetosis
movement disorder that presents as twisting and writhing movements
chorea
movement disorder that presents as dance like movements
