Pathology 1

Question 1

Touton giant cells

Answer 1

multi-nuculeate giant cells with lipid-laden cytoplasm. A form of multi-nucleated giant cell.

Question 2

Where is the uveal tract attached to the sclera?

Answer 2

1. scleral spur2. internal ostia of the vortex vein3. peripapillary tissueIn choroidal hemorrhage these attachments often define the border of the hemorrhage.

Question 3

Vossius ring

Answer 3

deposition of iris pigment on front of lens capsule form blunt trauma

Question 4

What are the two pathologic stages that proceed phthisis bulbi?

Answer 4

1. atrophia without shrinkage2. Atrophia with shrinkage (assumes square shape from rectus muscle insertions)

Question 5

What does PO section mean in pathology specimen processing?

Answer 5

Pupil-optic nerve section

Question 6

What are the three types of multi-nucleated giant cells?

Answer 6

1. Langhans2. Touton giant cells3. Foreign body giant cells

Question 7

What type of medium should be used for tissue to be sent for immunofuoresence analysis?

Answer 7

Michel medium

Question 8

What should you suspect in an area that appears like a pingecula but has leukoplakia with a prominent feeder vessel?

Answer 8

Ocular surface squamous neoplasm (CIN or CIS are the histiologic terms)

Question 9

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma and spindle cell carcinoma are rare more aggresive variants of what?

Answer 9

ocular surface squamous neoplasia

Question 10

What are the locations of an evolving nevus?

Answer 10

Starts as junctional, then compound, then stromal nevi (compound is combination of junctional/stromal location)

Question 11

Is inter leukin 10 or 6 elevated in intraocular lymphoma?

Answer 11

IL-10; IL6 is more elevated in an inflammation

Question 12

Hassal-Henle Bodies (Descemet’s Warts)

Answer 12

-small divots in Descemet’s membrane caused by endothelial basement membrane overproduction -Also called peripheral corneal gutattae. Benign process.

Question 13

Blessig-Iwanoff cysts

Answer 13

Peripheral microcystoid degeneration; located in outer plexiform layer and contains mucopolysacharides

Question 14

Hyperkaratosis

Answer 14

thickening of strateum Corneum

Question 15

Parakeratosis

Answer 15

hyperkeratosis (thicker stratum corneum) with retained nuclei- Psoriasis

Question 16

dyskeratosis

Answer 16

• abnormal keratinization occurring prematurely within individual cells or groups of cells below stratum granulosum

Question 17

acanthosis

Answer 17

epidermal hyperplasia fromincreased spinosum

Question 18

Acantholysis

Answer 18

Loss of intracellular cohesion between keratinocytes

Question 19

Lange’s fold

Answer 19

Fold at ora serrata in newborn eyes; artificial

Question 20

What is HLA b7 associated with?

Answer 20

POHS

Question 21

What is HLA DR4 associated with?

Answer 21

VKH, sympathetic ophthalmia

Question 22

What is HLA B12 associated with?

Answer 22

OCP

Question 23

ochre membrane

Answer 23

Hemorrhage that accumulates on posterior surface of detached vitreous

Question 24

What is a differential for intraocular calcification?

Answer 24

• Retinoblastoma * Choroidal osteoma * Choroidal hemangioma * Osseous choristoma * Phthisis

Question 25

What is a differential for intraocular cartilage?

Answer 25

• PFV * Trisomy 13 (patau) * Medulloepithelioma * teratoma

Question 26

sunflower cataract

Answer 26

wilson’s

Question 27

What is the most common malignant lacrimal gland tumor?

Answer 27

Adenocystic carcinoma

Question 28

What is the most common metstasis in orbit in children?

Answer 28

neuroblastoma

Question 29

What percentage of ocular melanomas arise from PAM with atypia?

Answer 29

50-70%

Question 30

(Scleral) Nerve Loops (of Axenfeld)

Answer 30

A slight variation in the pathway of the long ciliary nerve in which the fibers loop into the sclera from the suprachoroidal space, forming a dome-shaped elevation about 2 mm from the limbus. Often pigmented, usually blue or black. May be painful/sensitive when touched.

Question 31

Where are lenticular epithelial cells active normally?

Answer 31

At the equator

Question 32

What is the immune mediator in phacoantigenic endophthalmitis?

Answer 32

IgG vs lens protein

Question 33

What is the histology of cavernous optic atrophy of Schnabel? What stain can be used to see it?

Answer 33

cystic spaces within optic nerve posterior to lamina cribosa get filled with hyaluronic acid. Stain with colloidal iron (mucopolysaccharide stain) will highlight. Thought to be vitreous invasion of the optic nerve head?

Question 34

Cytoid bodies

Answer 34

NFL infarcts cause histopathologic appearnce of axons so that they look like cells. They are axons with swollen axoplasm.

Question 35

retinocytoma

Answer 35

Non-malignant precursor to retinoblastoma

Question 36

Swiss cheese appearance on histopath of a lacrimal mass is….

Answer 36

adenocystic carcinoma

Question 37

Will a choroidal melenoma have a high or low internal reflectivity on A scan? What about choroidal hemangioma?

Answer 37

Low; high

Question 38

Scheie stripe

Answer 38

melanin deposition on the anterior capsule associated with pigment dispersion syndrome

Question 39

What protein is defective in TGFB1 mutation disorders (LARGe corneal diseases)

Answer 39

keratoepithelin

Question 40

What would you place tissue that is to be sent for EM?

Answer 40

gluteraldehyde

Question 41

What would you place tissue that is to be sent for cytology?

Answer 41

Ethyl alcohol

Question 42

What is the most important risk factor for developing uveal melanoma?

Answer 42

Fair skin complexion

Question 43

What is the difference between endophytic and exophytic retinoblastoma?

Answer 43

Has to do with relationship with retina.Endophytic is growth in the inner aspect of the retinaExophytic is growth outside of the inner retina (sub retinal)