Pathology 1 Flashcards
Touton giant cells
multi-nuculeate giant cells with lipid-laden cytoplasm. A form of multi-nucleated giant cell.
Where is the uveal tract attached to the sclera?
- scleral spur2. internal ostia of the vortex vein3. peripapillary tissueIn choroidal hemorrhage these attachments often define the border of the hemorrhage.
Vossius ring
deposition of iris pigment on front of lens capsule form blunt trauma
What are the two pathologic stages that proceed phthisis bulbi?
- atrophia without shrinkage2. Atrophia with shrinkage (assumes square shape from rectus muscle insertions)
What does PO section mean in pathology specimen processing?
Pupil-optic nerve section
What are the three types of multi-nucleated giant cells?
- Langhans2. Touton giant cells3. Foreign body giant cells
What type of medium should be used for tissue to be sent for immunofuoresence analysis?
Michel medium
What should you suspect in an area that appears like a pingecula but has leukoplakia with a prominent feeder vessel?
Ocular surface squamous neoplasm (CIN or CIS are the histiologic terms)
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma and spindle cell carcinoma are rare more aggresive variants of what?
ocular surface squamous neoplasia
What are the locations of an evolving nevus?
Starts as junctional, then compound, then stromal nevi (compound is combination of junctional/stromal location)
Is inter leukin 10 or 6 elevated in intraocular lymphoma?
IL-10; IL6 is more elevated in an inflammation
Hassal-Henle Bodies (Descemet’s Warts)
-small divots in Descemet’s membrane caused by endothelial basement membrane overproduction -Also called peripheral corneal gutattae. Benign process.
Blessig-Iwanoff cysts
Peripheral microcystoid degeneration; located in outer plexiform layer and contains mucopolysacharides
Hyperkaratosis
thickening of strateum Corneum
Parakeratosis
hyperkeratosis (thicker stratum corneum) with retained nuclei- Psoriasis
dyskeratosis
- abnormal keratinization occurring prematurely within individual cells or groups of cells below stratum granulosum
acanthosis
epidermal hyperplasia fromincreased spinosum
Acantholysis
Loss of intracellular cohesion between keratinocytes
Lange’s fold
Fold at ora serrata in newborn eyes; artificial
What is HLA b7 associated with?
POHS
What is HLA DR4 associated with?
VKH, sympathetic ophthalmia
What is HLA B12 associated with?
OCP
ochre membrane
Hemorrhage that accumulates on posterior surface of detached vitreous
What is a differential for intraocular calcification?
- Retinoblastoma * Choroidal osteoma * Choroidal hemangioma * Osseous choristoma * Phthisis
What is a differential for intraocular cartilage?
- PFV * Trisomy 13 (patau) * Medulloepithelioma * teratoma
sunflower cataract
wilson’s
What is the most common malignant lacrimal gland tumor?
Adenocystic carcinoma
What is the most common metstasis in orbit in children?
neuroblastoma
What percentage of ocular melanomas arise from PAM with atypia?
50-70%
(Scleral) Nerve Loops (of Axenfeld)
A slight variation in the pathway of the long ciliary nerve in which the fibers loop into the sclera from the suprachoroidal space, forming a dome-shaped elevation about 2 mm from the limbus. Often pigmented, usually blue or black. May be painful/sensitive when touched.
Where are lenticular epithelial cells active normally?
At the equator
What is the immune mediator in phacoantigenic endophthalmitis?
IgG vs lens protein
What is the histology of cavernous optic atrophy of Schnabel? What stain can be used to see it?
cystic spaces within optic nerve posterior to lamina cribosa get filled with hyaluronic acid. Stain with colloidal iron (mucopolysaccharide stain) will highlight. Thought to be vitreous invasion of the optic nerve head?
Cytoid bodies
NFL infarcts cause histopathologic appearnce of axons so that they look like cells. They are axons with swollen axoplasm.
retinocytoma
Non-malignant precursor to retinoblastoma
Swiss cheese appearance on histopath of a lacrimal mass is….
adenocystic carcinoma
Will a choroidal melenoma have a high or low internal reflectivity on A scan? What about choroidal hemangioma?
Low; high
Scheie stripe
melanin deposition on the anterior capsule associated with pigment dispersion syndrome
What protein is defective in TGFB1 mutation disorders (LARGe corneal diseases)
keratoepithelin
What would you place tissue that is to be sent for EM?
gluteraldehyde
What would you place tissue that is to be sent for cytology?
Ethyl alcohol
What is the most important risk factor for developing uveal melanoma?
Fair skin complexion
What is the difference between endophytic and exophytic retinoblastoma?
Has to do with relationship with retina.Endophytic is growth in the inner aspect of the retinaExophytic is growth outside of the inner retina (sub retinal)
