Pathologies Of Muscular System Flashcards
What is Fibromyalgia?
Pain, stiffness, and tenderness of muscles, tendons, and joints.
What is the most common location of Fibromyalgia?
Back, neck, shoulders, and feet.
What is the cause of Cramp?
Vigorous exercise and over-exertion; extreme heat; sodium and/or water depletion
What is the effect of Cramp on the body?
Painful localised and involuntary contraction of one or more muscles
What is Atony?
Lack of normal tone or tension in a muscle
What is the cause of Atrophy?
Undernourishment; lack of use
What is the effect of Atrophy?
Wasting away, or failure to reach normal size, of bulk of muscle.
What is Myositis?
Inflammation of a muscle
What is a Rupture?
Burst or tear in the fascia or sheath surrounding muscles.
What is a Spasm?
More than usual number of muscle fibres in sustained contraction, usually in response to pain.
Fibres contract from longer than necessary.
What is the cause of Spasticity?
Inhibitory nerves have been cut.
What is the effect of Spasticity?
Spinal reflexes cause sustained contraction
What is the cause of Sprains?
Sudden twist or wrench of the joint’s ligaments
What is the effect of a Sprain?
An injury or damage to a joint; painful swelling of the joint
What is the cause of a Strain?
Overexertion, over-stretching, over-use; failure to warmup before strenuous activity
What is the effect of a Strain?
An injury to a muscle or its tendon; may occasionally involve rupture (tearing) of muscle fibres, sheath or tendon.
What is the cause of Stress?
Any factor which affects physical and/or mental wellbeing
What is the effect of Stress?
Excessive muscle tension and main pain, especially in back and neck.
What are Adhesions?
Fibrous bands the form between tissues and organs, often as a result of injury.
What is Adhesive Capsulitis (frozen shoulder)?
A disorder in which connective tissue surrounding the shoulder becomes inflamed and stiff.
Restricts motion and causes chronic pain.
What is Achilles Tendonitis?
Injury to the Achilles tendon by overuse of affected limb
What is Lumbago?
Backache affecting the lumbar region or lower back; caused by muscle strain or arthritis
What is the Lateral Epicondylitis (tennis elbow)?
Painful inflammation of the tendon at the outer border of the elbow resulting from overuse of muscles in lower arm
What is Medial Epicondylitis (golfer’s elbow)?
Inflammatory condition of the elbow
What is a Microtrauma?
General term for small injuries to the body
What is Muscle fatigue?
Inability to exert force with one’s muscles to the degree that would be expected given the individuals fitness.
What is a Repetitive strain injury?
Pain associated with loss of function in a limb that has been repeatedly used.
What is Shin splints?
Inflammation of muscles around the shins
What is Tendonitis?
Inflammation in or around tendons
What is Achilles Bursitis?
Inflammation of one or more bursae of synovial fluid in and around Achilles.
What is Muscular Dystrophy?
Hereditary disease of muscular system characterised by weakness and wasting of skeletal muscle.
What is Tetanus?
Acute and serious infection of CNS caused by bacterial infection of open wounds.
What is Bursitis?
Inflammation of one or more bursae of synovial fluid in the body.
What is Housemaids Knee?
Inflammation of bursae in the knee, egg like protrusion over knee cap.
