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3rd Year > Patholgy Sema > Flashcards

Patholgy Sema Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most referent microrganamsims in vaginitis

A

Candida albicans
Trichomanas vaginalis

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2
Q

Which hPV VARIANTS ARE NOT INCLUDED IN HIGH RISK HPV

A

HPV type 6 and 11

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3
Q

What are the two types of SQUAMOUS INTREPITHELIAL LESION SIL

A

Low grade sil
High grade sil

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4
Q

What are the hPV types with high risk

A

16 and 18
ÇİN 2-3

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5
Q

LSIL IS CHRACTEIRZED BY

A

Dysplastic changes on the lower third of the mucosa and koilocytic change superficially

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6
Q

HSIL IS CHARACTERIZED BY

A

Dysplasia in upper layers of the epithelium
Loilocytic chnages is usually absent

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7
Q

Dysplasia that affects the entire thickness of the epithelium is called

A

Carcinoma in situ

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8
Q

Types of cervical cancers

A

1- SCC
2- ADENOCARCINOMA
3- SMALL CELL CARCINOMA
4- ADENOSQUAMOUS CARCINOMA

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9
Q

Most common cervical cancer

A

SCC

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10
Q

Most common abnormal bleeding reason in post menopausal periods is

A

Endometrial carcinoma

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11
Q

Which common proliferative lesions of the uterine corpus prdouce abnormal uterine bleeding as their earliest manifestation

A

1- endometrial hyperplasia
2- endometrial carcinoma
3- smooth muscle tumors

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12
Q

What are common benign tumors arising from the smooth muscles cells in the myometrium

A

LEIOMYOMA
Affectbhaglf pf women in reproductive age
Estrogen stimulates growth
Shrink after menopausal due to estrogen levels being low

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13
Q

Morphology of leiomyosarcoma

A

Necrosis
Cytologic atypia
Mitotic figures
Arise from the myometrial mesencymal cells

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14
Q

Mahir pathological lesions of the ovary are

A

Nonneoplatic cysts
Ovarian tumors

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15
Q

Most common non neoplatic cysts are

A

Follicular and luteal cysts

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16
Q

The most common and important ovarian neoplasms are

A

Serous and mucinous Tumors
Hugh grade serous carcinoma 70-80%

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17
Q

Five major groups of the ovarian cancer

A

1- tumors of the surface epithelium
2- germ cell tumors
3- sex cord stromal tumors
4- micellounis tumors
5-metastatic tumors

18
Q

Most common ovarian tumor

A

Surface epithelial storm Al cell tumors
Types
1- serous tumors
2- mucinous tumors
3- endometrial tumors
4- Clear cell tumors
5- Brennen tumors
6- cystsedenofibroma

19
Q

Germ cell types

A

Tertoma
Dysgerminoma
Endodermal sinus tumors
Choriocarcinoma

20
Q

Sex cord stoma types

A

Fibromyalgia
Granulosa theca cell tumor
Sertoli Leydig cell tumor

21
Q

The most common ovarian epithelial neoplasms are

A

Serous and mucinous tumors

22
Q

The surface epithelial tumors are divided into 3 acordding to aggressiveness what are they

A

1- clearly benign- cystic spaces are smooth and are lined by a single layer of epithelial cells, serous tumors and mucinous tumors
2- clearly malignant- serosalinvasion exuberant papillary projections lines by atypical cells

23
Q

Pathogens is of the serous carcinoma

A

Low grade serous carcinoma-RAS
UIGH grade serous carcinomas- P53
Familial cases are aitten realtedmto germline mutation -BRCA-1 and BRACA-2

24
Q

Most common type of the germ cell tumors is

A

Nearly 95% of them are benign and in young females most commonly benign cystic teratomas(dermoid cysts)

25
Q

What are the 2 important examples of the monodemal teratomas

A

Struma ovarii
Carcinoid tumors

26
Q

Malignant germ cell tumor is

A

Dysgerminoma

27
Q

Embriyonal germ cell tumors are

A

1- yolk sac tumors
2-choriocarcinoma
3- tertoma

28
Q

How to microscopically identify a yoke sac tumors

A

Structures of SCHILLER DUCAL BODY
HIGH LEVEL OF AFP
INTRACELULAR AND EXTRACELULAR PAS- positive hyaline globules

29
Q

GRANULOSA CELL TUMOR FACTS

A

Secrete estrogen
In older patients produce endometrial hyperplasia
Responsible for precocious puberty in young girl
CALL- EXNER BODIES
COFFE BEAN NUCLEUS

30
Q

METASTASTIC TUMORS

A

10% of ovarian cancers
Metastasis occurs by lymphatic or hematogenous
Important bilaterality of the tumor is most helpful for diagnosis clue

31
Q

WHAT IS A KRUKENBERG TUMOR

A

Distinctive bilateral tumor metastatic to tumors

32
Q

Most common disorder of the fallopian tubes is

A

Inflammation- SALPHINGITS

33
Q

Tuberculous salpingitis

A

After young women in their active reproductive life
Most common complaint is infertility
Tubercle bacilli reach the tube by hematogenous route from the lung

34
Q

What is an ectopic preganancy

A

Implantation of a fertilized ovum in any site other then the uterus
Mostly located in the faloopian tube

35
Q

Diseases of pregnancy types

A

1- Ascending infection through the birth canal
Usually bacterial
2- hematogenous spread
Tranolacental infection under the TORCH

36
Q

Most common seen disease of pregnancy

A

GESTATIONAL TROPhoblastic DISease in which all the HCG in the urine and blood are higher then normal

37
Q

Two types of the hyaditiform mole( swollen or dilation with chorionic villi are

A

Complete hyaditiform mole- all of the chorionic villi are abnormal
Partial- result in early embryo formation and contain some chrionic villi and always triploid
Fetal tissue may be present
Edema
Tophoblastic proliferrtion

38
Q

GESTATIONAL CHRIOCARCINOMA

A

50% from complete hyaditiform moles
Bloody brownish discharge
High HCG
ANOLASTIC CYTOTtropjoblasts AND SYNCYTIOTROPHOBLASTS
Sensitive to chemotherapy
Paternal antigens

39
Q

What is PREECLAMPISIA

A

Edema in the third trimester of pregnancy
HYPERTENSION WITH PROTEINURIA 10% of the patients developed HELLP syndrome

40
Q

Which syndrome is caused with severe preeclampsia

A

HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA
ELEVATED
LIVER ENZYMES
LOW
PLATELET COUNT

3rd Year (7 decks)

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