Pathogens Flashcards
What do pathogen cause?
Infectious diseases.
What are the 2 main types of pathogens?
Bacteria
Viruses
What 2 things does bacteria do to make you feel ill?
Damaging cells
Producing toxins
Viruses are not _____?
Cells
How do viruses replicate themselves?
Invade the cells and produce compiles of themselves.
The cells usually burst realising all the new viruses.
White blood cells can ______ foreign cells and _____ them.
Engulf
Digest
Microorganism enter the body and cause _____, these are called __________
Disease
Pathogens
What do all foreign cells have on their surface?
Antigens
White blood cells start to produce _____ called ______ that kill invading cells
Proteins
Antibodies
How does producing antitoxins destroy viruses/bacteria?
They counteract toxins by invading bacteria
How does vaccinations stop you from getting ill?
You get injected with small amounts of dead microorganisms that carry antigens, this causes your body to produce antibodies and attack them - even though the microorganisms are harmless.
So if live microorganisms attack your body then you’ll be able to produce antibodies quickly to kill them off.
Pros of vaccinations?
Controls lots of infectious diseases
Some infections no longer occur
Can prevent epidemics
Cons of vaccinations?
Sometimes don’t give immunity/work
Some people can have bad reactions
Why do antibiotics not kill viruses?
Because they don’t kill body cells which is where the virus reproduces.
What causes bacteria to become resistant to antibiotics?
The bacteria mutates causing it to become resistant and no longer treatable
