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Periodontics > pathogen p1 > Flashcards

pathogen p1 Flashcards

1
Q

What should you be able to recognize in periodontal pathogenesis?

A

Various immune system elements involved in periodontal pathogenesis.

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2
Q

What is the role of immune receptors in periodontal pathogenesis?

A

They signal different responses, leading to bystander damage.

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3
Q

Describe the histopathological stages of periodontal diseases and their clinical presentation.

A

Stages and signs of disease progression like inflammation and tissue damage.

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4
Q

What is periodontal disease pathogenesis?

A

The molecular immune response mechanism causing periodontal tissue changes.

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5
Q

What is the purpose of understanding PD pathogenesis?

A

To understand clinical and histopathological changes in the periodontium.

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6
Q

How do microorganisms directly affect the periodontium?

A

By releasing toxins causing tissue damage.

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7
Q

What is the role of the immune system in indirect periodontal damage?

A

Immune responses to pathogens can lead to bystander damage.

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8
Q

What are polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs)?

A

PMNs are immune cells crucial for bacterial defense in the periodontium.

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9
Q

How do macrophages contribute to periodontal pathogenesis?

A

They perform phagocytosis and secrete inflammatory mediators.

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10
Q

What is bystander damage in periodontal disease?

A

Tissue damage caused indirectly by immune responses to pathogens.

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11
Q

What immune cells are typically involved in bystander damage?

A

Mainly PMNs and macrophages releasing reactive molecules.

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12
Q

What represents the immune system in the war analogy for PD?

A

The immune system acts as ‘Army Forces’ fighting pathogens.

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13
Q

In the war analogy, who are the ‘Invaders’?

A

Microorganisms invading and attacking periodontal tissues.

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14
Q

What is the ‘Battlefield’ in periodontal disease?

A

The periodontium where immune cells and pathogens interact.

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15
Q

What role does the periodontium play in immune response?

A

It’s the site where immune cells meet and combat pathogens.

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16
Q

What type of immune cells are known as the ‘first responders’?

A

PMNs or neutrophils, which attack pathogens immediately.

17
Q

How do PMNs affect periodontal tissue in the battle?

A

Their actions can cause collateral damage to surrounding tissues.

18
Q

How does macrophage action relate to the ‘invaders’ analogy?

A

They target invaders and present antigens to other immune cells.

19
Q

Define periodontal disease (PD) pathogenesis.

A

The immune mechanism causing tissue changes in response to pathogens.

20
Q

What responses are involved in PD pathogenesis?

A

Inflammatory and immune responses working to combat pathogens.

21
Q

How does PD pathogenesis begin?

A

It starts with pathogen invasion and immune response activation.

22
Q

What cells are involved in the inflammatory response of PD?

A

Mast cells, PMNs, and macrophages.

23
Q

How does vasodilation aid immune response in PD?

A

Increases blood flow, allowing immune cells to reach affected tissue.

24
Q

What mediators are released in inflammation?

A

Histamine and cytokines like IL-1 and TNF-alpha.

25
Q

What are the innate components of the immune system in PD?

A

Elements like saliva, GCF, and Toll-like receptors.

26
Q

What is the adaptive immune component?

A

Involves T and B lymphocytes creating specific immune responses.

27
Q

What is the role of humoral immunity in PD?

A

Involves antibody production by plasma cells against pathogens.

28
Q

What are PMNs?

A

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes, primarily neutrophils attacking bacteria.

29
Q

How do macrophages contribute to the immune response?

A

By phagocytosing pathogens and signaling other immune cells.

30
Q

What is the function of mast cells in PD?

A

They release histamine, leading to vasodilation and inflammation.

31
Q

What role do blood vessels play in inflammation?

A

Transport immune cells and mediators to the site of infection.

32
Q

What are inflammatory mediators?

A

Molecules like histamine and cytokines involved in immune signaling.

33
Q

What do PMNs do in the immune response?

A

They target and destroy bacteria through phagocytosis.

34
Q

What is the role of macrophages beyond phagocytosis?

A

Antigen presentation to stimulate adaptive immunity.

35
Q

Why are mast cells important in periodontal inflammation?

A

They initiate vascular changes aiding immune cell movement.

36
Q

How do inflammatory mediators influence PD?

A

They promote immune cell recruitment and tissue responses.

Periodontics (5 decks)

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