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Pathogen Classes Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Gram (+) Cocci (2)

A

Staphylococcus

Streptococcus

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2
Q

Gram (-) Cocci (1)

A

Neisseria

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3
Q

Gram (+) Rod (5)

A

Clostridium + Listeria = the two big ones
Corneybacterium
Bacillus
Mycobacterium (acid fast (+))

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4
Q

Enteric Gram (-) Rod

A 
E. Coli --> Most common
Pseudomonas
Shigella
Salmonella
Klebsiella
Proteus
Enterobacter
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5
Q

Respiratory Gram (-) Rods (3)

A

Haemophilus influenzae
Legionella
Bordetella

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6
Q

What bacterium will not gram stain and why?

A

Mycoplasma –> No cell wall

Rather their cell membrane is made of sterols which do not pick up the Gram stain.

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7
Q

Mycoplasma Vs. Mycobacterium

A 
Mycoplasma:
Contain sterols and have no cell wall
Mycobacteria:
Contain my colic acid
High lipid content
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8
Q

Which bacteria do NOT gram stain well? Why?

Hint: there is a mnemonic

A

These Rascals May Microscopically Lack Color
T - Treponema pallidum (too thin to be visualized)
R - Rickettsia (IC parasite)
M - Mycobacteria (high lipid content in cell wall: use carbolfuchsin in acid - fast stain)
M - Mycoplasma
L - Legionella pneumophilia (primarily intracellular)
C- Chlamydia (IC parasite, lacks muramic acid in cell wall)

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9
Q

Giemsa Stain - What is it?

A

Differential stain that is used to study the adherence of pathogenic bacteria to human cells.
Differential staining is in that:

Human cells stain: PURPLE
Bacterial Cels stain: PINK

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10
Q

What pathogens are identified with a Giemsa stain?

Hint: there is a mnemonic

A 
You IC bugs:
Certain Bugs Really Try My Patience
C- Chlamydia
B- Borrelia
R - Rickettsiae
T - Treponema
M - Trypanosomes
P - Plasmodium Vivax (Malaria)
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11
Q

Ziehl Neelsen Stain - What is it?

A

The acid fast stain that uses carbolfuschin:

special bacteriological stain used to identify acid-fast organisms, mainly Mycobacteria.

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12
Q

What can be identified on an acid fast stain?

Hint: there is a mnemonic

A

Acid Fast organisms
Mycoplasma
Nocardia

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13
Q

Periodic Acid-Schiff Stain (PAS). What is it?

A

Stain used to identify mainly polysaccharides, such as glycogen and mucosubstances such as glycolipids, glyoproteins and mucins.

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14
Q

What is the PAS stain used to identify?

Hint: there is a mnemonic

A

Whipple’s Disease

Pathogen: Tropheryma whipplei

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15
Q

India Ink Stain - What is it

A

Creates a (-) stain, in that it will stain the slide, but not the pathogen

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16
Q

India Ink is used to identify what pathogen?

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

17
Q

Silver Stain - What is it used for in identification?

A

Fungi (namely Pneumocystis)
Legionella
Helicobacter Pylori

Microbiology (4 decks)

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