Patho - STI's Flashcards
what are STI’s?
-large group of disease syndromes that can be transmitted sexually, regardless of whether manifested in genital structures
-More prevalent in 15-25 years of age
-Can be contracted nonsexually—infected mother to infant during childbirth.
gonococcal infection etiology
Inflammation of epithelial tissue by gram-negative Neisseria gonorrhoeae organism
gonococcal pathogenesis
Direct contact with infectious membranes of infected person during sexual intercourse with incubation period of 2-7 days
gonococcal CM (women, men)
-Urethral DC & burning with urination.
-Pharynx, conjunctivae & anus inflammation may be present
-Purulent discharge
-Dysuria
Women:
-Usually asymptomatic
-Abnormal vaginal bleeding
Men:
-Redness & swelling at infection site
Urethritis
inflammation of urethra
Cervicitis
inflammation of uterine cervix
Salpingitis
inflammation of oviduct or fallopian tube
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
d/t acute salpingitis infxn extending into nearby pelvic tissue
Female: May lead to infertility
Male: spreads to epididymis, urethra
Long term complications include urethral stricture, abscess, and fistula formation
what is nongonococcal urethritis?
-Most common causative organism is -Chlamydia trachomatis.
Causes urethral discharge & dysuria.
-Determined by culture.
-May lead to PID.
-Clinical manifestations similar to gonorrhea but less severe
syphilis etiology
Treponema pallidum
syphilis pathogenesis
Enters body through skin or mucus membranes during sexual contact.
-Some pathogens stay at invasion site, others migrate to regional lymph nodes.
-Incubation period–10-60 days
what are the four stages of syphilis?
Primary: Begins with chancre (painless sore), contagious
Secondary: Skin rash, flu like symptoms, contagious
Latency: No symptoms, contagious in beginning
Tertiary: 10-30years after began. Can be localized, cardiac, or CNS. Can lead to severe CNS symptoms and death.
syphilis treatment
Percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN)
herpes etiology
Herpes simplex virus (2 sub types: HSV-1 & HSV-2).
-Persistent or latent infections
-Virus remains in body, predisposing to recurrence
-Both types produce self-limiting initial infection
-Recurrence triggers: Infxns, emotional stress, Immunosuppression
what is HSV-1 herpes?
“Cold sores”
-Associated with infxn above the waist (oral, lips, eyes, epidermis)
-Can be sexually transmitted & cause genital herpetic infxns
-Often affects children <5 yrs
