Patho Exam 2: Obstructive and Restrictive Pulmonary Diseases (Lecture 3)

Question 1

Define Pleural Effusion.

Answer 1

Collection of fluid in pleural spaces; decrease in ability of lung to expand, ventilation decreases secondary to compression of the lungs

Can be caused by … CHF, infection, CA or trauma

Question 2

Define Empyema.

Answer 2

Collection of pus in the pleural cavity

Question 3

Define Hemothorax

Answer 3

Collection of blood in pleural cavity; often associated with trauma.

Question 4

In normal airway structure, the diameter of airways and airflow resistance is controlled by what?

Answer 4

ANS: Autonomic nervous system

Inflammatory mediators

Question 5

Bronchoconstriction is produced by which part of ANS?

Answer 5

Parasympathetic (vagus nerve) + Inflammatory mediators (histamine) = Bronchoconstriction

Question 6

Bronchodilation is caused by which part of ANS?

Answer 6

Sympathetic (B2 adrenergic receptors) = Bronchodilation

Question 7

List some common triggers of Atopic Asthma.

Answer 7

Dust mites, dander, mold, pollens, cockroach droppings