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BD MD > Patho > Flashcards

Patho Flashcards

1
Q

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome

A

Collagen III
Hyperextensible skin
Hypermobile joints
Tendency to bleed

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2
Q 
Vasculitides
Large vessel (elastic arteries)

Medium vessel (muscular arteries)

Small vessel (arterioles, venules, capillaries)

A

Temporal arteritis
Takayasu arteritis

Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN)
Kawasaki Disease

Microscopic polyangitis
Churg-Strauss Syndrome
Wegener granulomatosis

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3
Q

Takayasu arteritis

Fan my skin on wed

A 
Fever
Arthritis 
Night sweats 
Myalgia 
Skin nodules
Ocular disturbances
Weak Upper Extremity pulses
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4
Q

Only indications for giving ASA in children

A

Kawasaki disease
Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
Rheumatic fever

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5
Q

Wegener’s granulomatosis

A

C-anca
Crescentic GN
Cyclophosphamide
Corticosteroids

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6
Q

Rheumatic fever

Jones major criteria

A 
J- migratory polyarthritis
O- carditis
N- nodules
E- erythema marginatum
S- syndenham chorea
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7
Q

Infective Endocarditis

A 
Fever
Roth spots
Osler's nodes
Murmur
Janeway lesions
Anemia
Nail bed hemorrhage
Emboli
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8
Q

Dilated cardiomyopathy

A 
Alcohol
Beriberi
Chagas disease
Coxsackie B myocarditis
Cocaine
Doxorubicin
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9
Q

Cystic fibrosis

A

AR
Chromosome 7: CFTR gene
Dec na cl reabsorption
Nasal polyps, head exhaustion, resp infections, pneumothorax, malabsorption, DM 1, infertility, mecomium ileus, rectal prolapse, gallstones

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10
Q

P-ANCA
ab against myeloperoxidase(MPO)

C-ANCA
ab against proteinase-3 (PR3)

A

Churg-strauss syndrome, microscopic polyangitis

Wegener’s granulomatosis

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11
Q

Cell : interleukins

A

Macrophage : IL-1,6,8,12 and TNF-A
All T cells : IL-2,3
TH1 : IFN gamma
TH2 : IL-4,5,10

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12
Q

Trinuleotide repeat sequence

A

CTG - myotonic dystrophy
GAA - Friedrich ataxia
CAG - Huntington disease
CGG - Fragile X

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13
Q

X-linked recessive

HOLD BFG WiD Care

A 
Hemophilia A B, Hunter syndrome
Ocular albinism
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Brutons agammaglobulinemia
Fabrys disease, Fragile X
G6PD deficiency
Wiskott-aldrich syndrome
Diabetes insipidus
Chronic granulomatous disease
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14
Q

X-linked dominant

A

Vitamin D resistant rickets

Alport syndrome

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15
Q

Lysosomal storage disorders

A

Tay-sachs: gangliosides
Niemann-pick:sphingomyelin, hepatosplenomegaly, zebra bodies
Gaucher: MC, glucocerebrosidase
Mucopolysaccharidoses: balloon cells, zebra bodies

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16
Q

Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome:

DiGeorge Syndrome

A 
Catch 22
Cardiac defects
Abnormal facies
Thymic aplasia
Cleft palate
Hypocalcemia
22q11.2 deletion
17
Q

Type 2 hypersensitivity

A 
Blood transfusion/ABO inc
Drug induced hemolysis
Infection related hemolysis
Acute rheumatic fever
Goodpasture's syndrome
Grave's disease
Myasthenia gravis
ANCA assoc Vasculitis
Pernicious anemia
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
18
Q 
Type 3 hypersensitivity
Blood filtered at high pressure:
Vasculitis
Glomerulinephritis
Arthritis
A 
Arthus reaction
Serum sickness
SLE
PSGN/acute GN
Scleroderma
IgA nephropathy
Polyarteritis nodosa
Reactive arthritis
19
Q

Type 4 hypersensitivity

Delayed-type- cd4 T cells to macrophage
T-cell mediated- cd8 T cells to mhc 1 antigens on target cells

A 
Patch test
Skin test (eg PPD)
Contact dermatitis
GBS
Type 1 DM
Inflammatory bowel disease
Multiple sclerosis
Chronic Transplant rejection
Hashimoto's thyroiditis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Multiple sclerosis
20
Q

SLE

Im damn sharp

A 
Immunologic
Malar rash
Discoid rash
ANA
Mucositis
Neurologic
Serositis
Hematologic
Arthritis
Renal
Photosensitivity
21
Q

Drug induced lupus

A

Hydralazine
Isoniazid
Procainamide
Penicillamine

22
Q

CREST syndrome
Anti centromere
Limited scleroderma

A 
Calcinosis
Raynaud's phenomenon
Esophageal dysmotility
Sclerodactyly
Telangiectasia
23
Q

Primary Immunodeficiencies

Genetic

A 
B cell ==========
X-linked/Bruton's agammaglobulinemia
Selective IgA deficiency
Common variable immunodeficiency
T-cell ==========
DiGeorge syndrome
Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis
B and T cell =========
Severe combined immunodeficiency 
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
Ataxia telangiectasia
Phagocyte disorders =========
Chronic granulomatous disease
Cheidak-Higashi syndrome
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency
Complement disorders =========
Hereditary angioedema
Early complement deficiency
Terminal complement deficiency
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
24
Q

Leukemia

A 
ALL (0-14)
Lymphoblast
AML (15-39)
Auer rods
CML (40s-50s)
Philadelphia chromosome 
Sea blue histiocytes
CLL (~60)
Smudge cells
Proliferation centers
25
Q

Multiple myeloma

A 
CRAB
HyperCalcemia
Renal insufficiency
Anemia
Bone lytic lesions
26
Q

Marfan syndrome

A 
Aortic dissection
Fibrillin gene
Missense mutation
MVP
hypermobile joints
Eunachoid proportion
Arachnodactyly
Lens dislocation

BD MD (8 decks)

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