Patho Flashcards
Aneurysms are congenital (in all cases) dilations of the heart or blood vessels that involve the entire wall thickness
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Myocardial ischemia leads to loss of myocyte function within 1 to 2 hours but causes necrosis only after 1 to 2 days
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Dysplasia is a term that literally means “absence of organ “
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Tumors have no capacity to proliferate without external stimuli, usually as a consequence of oncogene activation
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TGF-β is the most important cytokine in angiogenesis
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More than one neoplastic cell type derived from more than one germ layer represents hemangioma
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Benign tumor often invade surrounding normal tissue
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Xenobiotic are endogenous chemical in the environmen
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Steatosis refers to the accumulation of amyloid
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In a resting lymphocyte, b cells and t cells can be distinguished from each other via simple blood smear
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Mycoplasma and the related genus ureaplasma are intracellular bacterial pathogens which possess thick LPS cell wall
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Heparin-like substances increases the adhesiveness of the blood vessel wa
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In humans, resection of up to 70% of the liver can not be corrected by proliferation of the residual hepatocytes
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The first reaction to vascular injury is vasodilation
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76 year-old woman with metastatic breast cancer to bone, has abnormal calcium deposits diffusely within her lung depicated om chest x-ray. This is an example of dystophic type of pathologic calcificatio
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Lymphangiosarcoma is benign tumor derived from lymph vessel
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Most of the systemic lesions are caused by immune complexes ( type I hypersensitivity)
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Coagulative necrosis is characteristic of infracts, especially of brain infracts
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Mesothelioma is bening tumor
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The enzymatic reactions that produce γ-carboxylated glutamic acid use vitamin A as a cofactor and are antagonized by drugs such as Coumadin, a widely used anti-coagulan
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Lymphadenitis: inflammation of the lymph nodes
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A 28-year-old man has had hemoptysis and hematuria for the past 2 days. On physical examination, his temperature is 36.8° C, pulse is 87/min, respirations are 19/min, and blood pressure is 150/90 mm Hg. Laboratory studies show creatinine of 3.8 mg/dL and urea nitrogen of 35 mg/dL. Urinalysis shows 4+ hematuria, 2+ proteinuria, and no glucose. A renal biopsy specimen examined microscopically shows glomerular dam- age and linear immunofluorescence with labeled complement C3 and anti-IgG antibody. Is it correct that antibasement membrane- autuoantibodies has the greatest specificity for this patients condition?
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Metastasis is defined by the spread of a tumor to sites that are physically discontinuous with the primary tumor, and unequivocally marks a tumor as malignant, as by definition benign neoplasms do not metastasize
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B cells cannot be infected by HIV
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Mechanisms of hypertrophy in the heart involve signal transduction pathways, induction of particular genes and increased synthesis of certain cellular proteins
Mechanisms of hypertrophy in the heart involve signal transduction pathways, induction of particular genes and increased synthesis of certain cellular proteins
Fragile X syndrome results from loss of FMR1 gene function and is characterized by mental retardation, macro orchidism, and abnormal facial features
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Keloids, exuberant granulation, warts relate to excessive scarring
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Increase in cytosolic Ca2 can damage mitochondria true false
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Type II hypersensitivity reactions can result in phagocytosis, lysis, inflammation or dysregulated function (impaired or excessively stimulated) of target cells
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ROS are produced normally in small amounts in all cells during the reduction-oxidation (redox) reactions
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Angina pectoris is exertional chest pain due to inadequate perfusion
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Inherited deficiency of GpIIb-IIa results in a bleeding called Glanzmann thrombasthen
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Vasculitis represented in small blood vessels inflammation
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