Bio True Or False Flashcards
Giving animals only retinoic acid as a supplement, could result in impairment in reproductive function
T
LPL function mainly is related to feeding state, where it mediates the uptake of VLDL and chylomicron contents to the tissue.
T
Cytochromes P450 are hemoproteins and generally have a wide substrate specificity.
T
In emergency situations, the sympathetic nervous system takes controlling influence over B - cell secretion
T
When dietary carbohydrate leaves the oral cavity, the mixture is called dextrins
T
DNA damage by xenobiotics requires NAD as a donor for ADP-ribose units for repair mechanisms. Which leads to depletion of NAD
T
Glycoproteins while being synthesized might use GDP linked sugars as well
T
There is no possibility of neutralizing reactive oxygen species without the aid of antioxidants
T
Some type of folds can be directly absorbed in the bloodstream
T
Synthesis of reactive oxygen radicals could be a defence mechanism for a human body
T
Glucagon levels fall in response to glucose but rise in response to amino acids.
T
Sometimes cytochrome P450 system makes an inactive and inert molecule more active
T
Human gastric glycoprotein mucin contains over 50% of carbohydrate portion
T
Circulating insulin levels are elevated in the absorptive state testing in contacts
T
Circulating insulin levels are elevated in the absorptive state, resulting in an influx of glucose into adipocytes
T
During fasting muscle oxidizes fatty acids released from adipose tissue and ketone bodies produced by the liver
T
Amino acids from dietary proteins that enter the cells can be used to make nitrogenous compounds such as heme, creatine phosphate
T
Severe vomiting due to pyloric stenosis will result in high alkaline state in the body
T
Insulin promotes the triacylglycerol synthesis in the liver.
T
Dolichol phosphate is involved in the synthesis of O-linked glycoproteins in which the carbohydrate moiety is attached to the amide group of asparagine
T
n the obstructive jaundice, it is mainly conjugated bilirubin that increases, because liver is intact
T
ROS can be generated in a controlled manner (enzymatically), or in a noncontrolled manner (nonenzymatically).
T
Plant sterols interfere with monoacylglycerol and FFA esterification, therefore decreasing the absorption of cholesterol
T
A copper carrier protein might have a role in iron metabolism
T
Disaccharidase sucrase converts sucrose to fructose and glucose.
T
Reactive nitrogen-oxygen species (RNOS) are generated during metabolism, and are also deadly to cells.
T
Some type of lipids can be directly absorbed in the bloodstream.
T
In some instances, the products of cytochrome P450 can be mutagenic or carcinogenic,
T
The length of time that a person can survive without food depends mainly on the amount of fat stored in the adipose tissue.
T
Red blood cells, lacking mitochondria, oxidize glucose to pyruvate and lactate, which are released into the blood.
T
Oligosaccharide parts of glycoproteins serve as binding sites for some microorganisms.
T
Adrenal cytochrome system is more restricted in its substrate specificity than liver and intestinal ones
T
Having oligosaccharide chain in a glycoprotein makes them more fragile towards clearance by the liver. I’m
T
Secondary hypothyroidism is less common than the primary one.
T
Ketone bodies, by being utilized indirectly spare muscle protein.
T
Galactose can be absorbed both down and against concentration gradient.
T
lucose can be absorbed both down and against concentration gradient
T
Alcohol consumption could lead to hyperuricemia.
T
The site on the antigen to which an antibody binds is termed an epitope.
T
2-macroglobulin is zinc-transporter in the bloodstream, also mediates the delivery of certain growth factor to the tissues.
T
Tissue factor acts as a cofactor for factor Vlla, enhancing its enzymatic activity to activate factor X
T
HCI, produced by the parietal cells of the stomach, causes a conformational change in Pepsinogen that enables it to cleave itself (autocatalysis), forming pepsin.
T
Impairment of fat absorption might cause the impairment of calcium from intestinal lumen
T
Total serum protein and albumin levels are low in chronic liver diseases, such as cirrhosis
T
During fasting, brain oxidizes fatty acids released from adipose tissue and ketone bodies produced by the liver.
T
Prothrombin deficiency disrupts the formation of fibrin from fibrinogen
T
factor XIIa activates factor Xl to Xla
T
In fasting, Muscle releases amino acids. The carbon are used by the liver for gluconeogenesis, and the nitrogen is converted to urea.
T
plasma proteins are the contributors to plasma oncotic pressure
T
Deficiency of VII factor will cause the delay of extrinsic pathway
T
Synthesis of reactive oxygen radicals could be a defence mechanism for human bod
T
Between meals the stomach produces ghrelin, a hormone that drives hunger.
T
GLUT2 is a transporter which allows all the monosaccharides to enter the bloodstream from the small intestine.
T
When plasma iron levels are high, hepatic synthesis of hepcidin increases.
T
Marasmus results from a diet deficient in both protein and calories.
T
During absorption, retinol leaves the small intestines with the help of retinol - binding protein (RBP).
F
aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time) can be prolonged in case of XII factor deficiency, this means that it measures the time necessary for extrinsic pathway
F
Insulin release is associated with having high levels of FFAs circulating in the plasma.
F
Excess fatty acids which are accumulated in the liver are called ectopic fat and are associated with increased insulin sensitivity.
F
If phase 1 reaction didn’t happen in cytochrome P450 hydrophilic components would persist very long in adipose tissue true false
F
Liver’s inability to detoxify urea, might lead to hepatic encephalopathy.
F
People who are fast acetylators have high chance of being exposed to the side effects of antituberculosis drug - isoniazid
F
In order to have normal antioxidant activity, the cell needs to maintain glutathione oxidized.
F
Normal iron level in the blood always indicates normal ferritin level,
F
ncretins (GIP, CKK) favor inhibition of insulin secretion.
F
Retinol is re-esterified to long-chain fatty acids in the intestinal mucosa and secreted as a component of VLDL into the lymphatic system true false
F
ALT and AST measurement in the urine could aid in monitoring the progress of viral hepatitis.
I
F
Cytochrome P450 is not only involved in drug metabolism, but also in steroid, fatty acid and cholesterol biosynthesis.
F
Liver cells take up glucose by a transport process that is stimulated by insulin. Transporter: GLUT5.
F
Muscle cells take up glucose by a transport process that is stimulated by insulin. Transporter: GLUT2
F
The cytochrome P450s, found in the adrenal gland participate primarily in detoxification.
F
The purpose of Synachten stimulation test is to detect Cushing’s disease. true false
F
Creatinine is synthesized in the liver and excreted by the help of kidney. true false
F
Inorganic iron gets absorbed more easily in the presence of chelating agents.
F
Omental fat is associated with less health risks compared to gluteal region fat store.
F
After TAG degradation, fatty acids leave the adipose tissue to enter the liver and be involved in gluconeogenesis.
F
PKU heel prick capillary blood test screens newborn babies on congenital hypothyroidism.
F
All the lipids must be packaged within a chylomicron to be absorbed from the intestines
F
Fatty acids and ketone bodies are oxidized by certain tissues, including liver.
F
SGLT1 transporter transports one molecule of glucose and one molecule of galactose simultaneously.
F
Metabolism of alcohol increases levels of NAD in the liver, which inhibit gluconeogenesis.
F
Ectopic fat is associated with increased insulin sensitivity and hyperglycemia.
F
The activity of Antithrombin, an inhibitor of Thrombin, is decreased by Heparin
F
Mixed micelles are produced by the action of gastric lipase and colipase.
F
ALP elevation is the most specific marker for liver damage, especially due to hepatitis.
8. Sulfation is one of the phase 1 reactions in the metabolism of xenobiotics.
F
. The sensitivity of a test refers to the percentage of negative test results in patients without the disease (“true negative”)
F
In result of removing factor XIII from plasma, fibrinolysis will be stunted true false
F
Micelles are microdroplets having both protein and lipid content.
F
Liver’s inability to detoxify urea, might lead to hepatic encephalopathy
F
Muscle cells take up glucose by a transport process that is stimulated by insulin. Transporter: GLUT2.
F
Enzymes with maltase and isomaltase activity are found in complexes located on the surface of the brush border of intestinal epithelial cells. They complete the conversion of starch to glucose, galactose and fructose.
F
Elevation of blood urea is an important sign of liver disease and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy in patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension
F
Immunoglobulin expression follow the “one gene, one protein” paradigm.
F
- HbA1C test is for confirmation if a patient has anemia or any other blood disorders. True false
F
Iron increases the uptake of Vitamin C from the intestinal tract.
F
Fructose can be absorbed both down and against its concentration gradient.
F
