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pathetique Flashcards

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1
Q

who composed it?

A

ludwig van beethoven

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2
Q

in which era was it composed?

A

just at the end of classical period (1798)

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3
Q

is there extreme dynamic contrast?

A

yes

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4
Q

what does pathétique mean?

A

suffering

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5
Q

at which dynamic level is the piece finished?

A

ff

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6
Q

what is the texture at the start of the intro?

A

chordal homophony

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7
Q

texture at end of intro?

A

monophonic

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8
Q

cadence in bar 9?

A

interrupted cadence (V-VI)

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9
Q

what is the structure?

A

sonata form

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10
Q

what are the three sections of sonata form

A
  • exposition
  • development
  • recapitulation
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11
Q

is having an introduction typical in piano sonatas?

A

yeah, but not necessary

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12
Q

is there an introduction in this piece?

A

yes

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13
Q

is sonata form a classical or romantic feature?

A

classical

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14
Q

what are the names of the 3 sections in this exposition?

A
  • 1st subject (mannheim rocket + transition theme)
  • 2nd subject (lyrical theme + new theme)
  • codetta
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15
Q

is manheim rocket classical or romantic?

A

classical

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16
Q

describe the harmony in the first subject

A
  • functional harmony (perfect cadences in C minor)
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17
Q

is there pedal in the first section?

A

yes

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18
Q

how does the first subject end?

A

a dominant pedal (Bb) for the new key (Eb min) in the second subject

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19
Q

key of 1st subject?

and is that typical for sonata form?

A

C minor

yes - it is the tonic key

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20
Q

is the first subject conjunct or disjunct?

A

conjunct (mainly)

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21
Q

what is the range of the first subject?

A

about 2 octaves

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22
Q

is the first subject staccato or legato?

A

staccato

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23
Q

does the first subject feature descending arpeggios?

A

yes, in bars 28-29 and 33-34

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24
Q

which part of the first subject features an ascending sequence?

A

the very end - transition theme

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25
Q

metre of introduction?

A

common time (44)

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26
Q

metre of first subject?

A

2 2

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27
Q

tempo of first subject

A

allegro di molto e con brio (faster and with vigour)

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28
Q

in which part of the second subject is the hand switching found?

A

the very start

it happens because the right hand melody starts at a lower pitch than the left hand part

29
Q

what does ‘sotto’ mean?

A

under

30
Q

which key does the second subject start in? (what key is the lyrical theme?)

is this typical for sonata form?

A

Eb minor

no, it should be Eb major - the relative major of the tonic

31
Q

does the second subject feature modulations?

A

yes, to Db major and then to Eb major

32
Q

is the lyrical theme of the second subject ornamented?

A

yes, acciaccaturas at the start and upper mordents in the middle and end

33
Q

is the lyrical theme conjunct or disjunct

A

conjunct

34
Q

is the lyrical theme ascending or descending?

A

descending

35
Q

what is the key of the new theme?

A

Eb major

36
Q

does the new theme have an alberti bass?

A

yes

37
Q

is alberti bass classical or romantic?

A

classical

38
Q

do the hands move in parallel motion in the new theme?

A

no, they move in contrary motion

39
Q

what are the dynamics of the lyrical theme?

A

forte with moments of sfz

40
Q

what are the dynamics of the new theme?

A

multiple crescendos to forte

41
Q

is the codetta conjunct/disjunct, staccato/legato, ascending/ descending

A

conjunct, legato, descending

42
Q

is the virtuousic codetta theme classical or romantic?

A

romantic

43
Q

the exposition is repeated, is this usual for sonata form?

A

yes

44
Q

what theme does the exposition end with?

A

the rocket theme (before doing bars of crazy extended chords)

45
Q

what is the tempo at the start of the development?

A

same grave tempo as before

46
Q

what is the key in the intro of the development?

A

G minor

47
Q

do development sections usually have intros?

A

no

48
Q

what is the key of the development?

and is this typical for sonata form?

A

E minor

no this is a completely unrelated key to the tonic

49
Q

what happens to the melodies of the exposition in the development section?

A

they get rhythmically augmented and/or diminished (developed)

also, the developed rocket theme has the pitches altered

50
Q

what ornamentation is present in the development? (1)

A

trills

51
Q

how does the development end?

A

with a descending virtuosic quaver line (kinda like the start of the codetta and bars 9-10)

52
Q

what is the tonality at the start of the recapitulation? (recap of first subject)

is this typical of sonata form

A

C minor

yes

53
Q

does the recapitulation have the grave introduction?

A

no

54
Q

is the transition theme part of the recapitulation?

A

no

55
Q

what is the key at the start of the second subject in the recapitulation?

is this typical of sonata form

A

F minor

no, it should be in the home key

56
Q

which musical ideas of the second subject are heard in the recapitulation?

A

all of them

57
Q

is the codetta part of the recapitulation?

A

yes

58
Q

how does the recapitulation end (after the codetta) (2)

A
  • repeat of Manheim rocket
  • 2 diminished 7th chords
59
Q

which musical ideas are in the coda? (4)

A
  • grave intro
  • then manheim rocket
  • then dissonant chord progression
  • then a cadential 6 4
60
Q

how is the intro motif developed in the coda?

is this a usual form of development?

A
  • there are rests before each phrase

no

61
Q

which key does the piece end in?

A

C minor - the tonic (typical of sonata form)

62
Q

is the dissonant chord progression in the coda classical or romantic?

A

romantic

63
Q

is the cadential 6 4 classical or romantic?

A

classical

64
Q

overall texture?

A

MDH

65
Q

another name for the intro motif?

A

funeral motif

66
Q

what is the texture of the intro motif?

A

chordal homophony

67
Q

romantic features in the piece: (5)

A
  • extreme dynamic contrast
  • dissonance/chromaticism/diminished 7th chords
  • virtuosic melodies
  • florid, lyrical melodies
  • modulations into unrelated keys
68
Q

classical features in the piece: (5)

A
  • sonata form
  • alberti bass
  • manheim rocket
  • cadential 6 4
  • moments of functional harmony

MUSIC (8 decks)

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