defying gravity Flashcards

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1
Q

who are the singers (characters)?

A
  • elphaba
  • glinda
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2
Q

is there no real change in dynamics?

A
  • no, extreme dynamic contrast throughout to differentiate mood/theme
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3
Q

dynamics at start

A

sfz (forzando) and forte to convey aggression

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4
Q

why does the piece end in ff?

A

to symbolise elphaba’s newfound confidence + tension between the people vs her

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5
Q

what are quieter dynamics used to show?

A

calm mood

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6
Q

outline the structure (each section) (lots of sections, icl u don’t need to know it all)

A
  • intro (1-20)
  • link 1 (21-31)
  • verse 1 (32-48)
  • chorus 1 (49-59)
  • vers 2 (60-79)
  • chorus 2 (80-88)
  • link 2 (89-

and more stuff i cba

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7
Q

overall structure

A

verse-chorus form

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8
Q

is there a lot of tempo changes?

A

yeah

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9
Q

what does colla voice mean?

A

follow the voice, free tempo stuff

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10
Q

is it mainly quaver and semiquaver rhythms?

A
  • no, crotchet and quaver
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11
Q

is there use of mordents?

A

no

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12
Q

use of fermatas?

A

yes

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13
Q

is there a metric shift?

A

The time signature changes from 3/2 triple time to 2/2 duple time in the opening section and remains there until bar 88 (just before unlimited section) where it changes to 4/4 quadruple time. At bar 115 (the i hope you’re happy bit) it returns to 2/2 duple time.

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14
Q

is there syncopation

A

ofc

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15
Q

what’s the strange stuff abt the ostinato?

A

it is done in groups of 3 quavers against 22 so it has a cross-rhythm effect

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16
Q

are rests are used to break up phrases?

A

yes

17
Q

what is the range of the singers?

A
  • really massive
  • G3 to F5
18
Q

what is the instrumentation (2)

A
  • a large orchestra (1) with use of modern instruments (e.g: synths) (1)

so, contains: woodwind, brass, string, percussion (including glock, tubular bells, timpani, drum kit), electric guitars, synths

19
Q

strings double stop, true or false

A

false

20
Q

does brass glissando?

A

nah

21
Q

do strings tremolando?

A

yeas

22
Q

cool stuff from cymbal: (1)

A
  • cymbal rolls
23
Q

texture of opening (2)

A
  • sparse
  • monophonic movement
24
Q

overall texture

A

MDH

25
Q

texture at end

A

polyphony (3 parts)

26
Q

syllabic or melismatic?

A

syllabic

27
Q

conjunct or disjunct?

A
  • both
  • initially more conjunct but as song progresses, elphaba gets more brave and does more disjunct singing and at a higher tessitura
28
Q

what leitmotif is verse 1 based off of?

A

elphaba’s leitmotif

29
Q

what weird rhythm thing does glinda do towards the end of the first chorus

A

triplet crotchet melody ‘you’re having delusions of grandeur’

30
Q

tonality at start?

A

ambiguous

  • elphaba sings in Db
  • glinda sings in D
31
Q

chordal movement at start

A

chromatic descending motion, in semitones

32
Q

tonality of link 1

A

B maj

33
Q

chorus tonality

A

D maj

34
Q

tonality in verse 1

A

D maj

35
Q

tonality in b88 ‘unlimited’ section

A

G maj

36
Q

tonality in bar 103 (2nd chorus)

A

D maj

37
Q

harmony in bar 115 (part of mainly instrumental building-up section)

the bit that’s like ‘I hope you’re happy now that you’re choosing this’

A

chromatic

38
Q

tonality in bar 168 (build up to final tutti finale)

A

B minor

39
Q

tonality at end

A

D major