path MCQ 2014 March recalls - formatted Flashcards
- Which of the following is included in the diagnosis of SLE?
a. erosive arthritis
b. muscle weakness
c. pericarditis
d. peripheral neuropathy
e. pulmonary hypertension
c. pericarditis
- Which is true regarding neuroblastoma:
a. males have a worse prognosis than females
b. most have normal levels of catecholamines
c. multiple deep blue cutaneous metastases can regress spontaneously
d. anterior mediastinum is a common site of origin
e. most common site of organ involvement is the adrenal cortex
multiple deep blue cutaneous metastases can regress spontaneously
90% abnormal catecholamine
adrenal medulla involved
- Which of the following is more common in ulcerative colitis than Crohn’s disease?
a. colovesical fistula
b. fibrosing strictures
c. fissuring ulcers
d. toxic megacolon
e. vitamin B12 malabsorption
. toxic megacolon
- strongest association with forming cholesterol gallstones?
a. Ascaris lumbricoides
b. ileal bypass
c. sickle cell disease
d. total parental nutrition
e. ?(sorry can’t recall - hope it was false)
d. total parental nutrition
a. Ascaris lumbricoides pigment
b. ileal bypass pigment
c. sickle cell disease pigment
- which of the pure forms of testicular germ cell tumours presents in infancy?
a. embyronal carcinoma
b. endodermal sinus (yolk sac) tumour
c. seminomad. spermatocytic seminoma
e. teratoma
endodermal sinus (yolk sac) tumour
- Pregnancy all of the following are complications except:
- Hepatic hematoma
- Thrombocytosis
- Thrombocytosis
Read HELLP syndrome
- Associations:
- Carcinosarcoma in post menopausal females.
- Vulval sarcoma
- Carcinosarcoma in post menopausal females.
Which of the association is not true:
- NSAID’s associated diffuse cortical necrosis.
- Contrast agent and acute tubular necrosis
- NSAID’s associated diffuse cortical necrosis. Renal cortical necrosis cause- hypovolaemia - shock etc- HUS- renal transplant
*AJL - mnemonic for renal cortical necrosis = SHT (like shit without an I…)
Shock, HUS, Transplant.
(Combine with COAG for cortical nephrocalcinosis and you’ll sound like a smart cookie in a viva)
- Stromal tumor of uterus least likely to present as metastatis:
- Leiomyoma
- Leiomyosarcoma.
- Leiomyoma
**LJS - caution, depends what other answers are. Rare variants of fibroid - benign metastsizing leiomyoma and disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis (Rob 9th ed)
- Which of the following presents as painless mass:
- Perisosteal osteosarcoma
- Paraosteal osteosarcoma low grade
- High grade surface osteosarcoma
- Telangiectatic osteosarcoma
- Small cell osteosarcoma
- Paraosteal osteosarcoma low grade
- Radiograph of mandible shows lucent lesion near the root of the tooth with denticle particles. Which is most likely
- Odontoma
- Kertogenic odondtoid tumor.
- Dentigerous cyst
- Ameloblastoma
- Cementoma rare but also periapical, has density
- Odontoma
- Young patient after trauma undergoes Contrast CT of abdomen. It shows non enhancing upper pole of left kidney. No bleeding or collection.
- Dissection at renal hilum.
- Avulsion of segmental artery.
- Venous thrombosis.
- Venous dissection.
- Dissection at renal hilum.
- Young patient after trauma undergoes Contrast CT of abdomen. It shows non enhancing upper pole of left kidney. No bleeding or collection.
- Dissection at renal hilum.
- Avulsion of segmental artery. No bleeding
- Venous thrombosis. ?expect some enhancement. Not commonly assoc with trauma.
- Venous dissection. Never heard of this - ? Even possible
Regarding knee trauma: Most likely
- Common peroneal nerve is most commonly involved.
- Often associated with avulsion fracture
- Must do DSA to rule out Popliteal artery injury
- Common peroneal nerve is most commonly involved.
Regarding knee trauma: Most likely
- Common peroneal nerve is most commonly involved.
- Often associated with avulsion fracture can be it not often
- Must do DSA to rule out Popliteal artery injury
- Multiple myeloma: Most likely
- x-ray is most sensitive than bone scan for staging of myeloma
- More sensitive anyway
- x-ray is most sensitive than bone scan for staging of myeloma
- More sensitive anyway
- Young female presenting with back pain and sclerotic lesion in the vertebra
- Osteoid osteoma
- Metastasis
- GCT
- Osteoblastoma
- ABC
- Osteoid osteoma
- Phthisis Bulbi
- Osseous metaplasia
- Optic nerve hypertrophy.
- Osseous metaplasiaphthisis bulbi changes- micropthalmia- thickened sclera- effusion between choroid and sclera- dystrophic calcification- osseous metaplasia
**LJS - optic nerve atrophy
- Juvenile Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma
- Location: posterolateral wall of nose
- Complication is sarcomatous transformation
- Location: posterolateral wall of nose
- Parotid malignancy: ( don’t remember the Q but I think it said least likely)
- Acinar cell carcinoma
- Mucinous mucoepidermoid
- Pleomorphic x adenocarcinoma
- SCC
LJS edit - order of parotid malignancy in descending frequency:
mucoepidermoid > adenoid cystic > acinar cell.
Not sure where carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma fits in but 5-10% transform and it is the most common benign parotid tumour, so I would think this is not the least common. However, primary SCC of the parotid is very rare (occurs via chronic inflammation = squamous metaplasia), so I think this is the answer (though nodal met of skin SCC to intraparotid nodes is not that rare, so would depend on the wording of the question.
- Pleomorphic x adenocarcinoma
- Parotid malignancy: ( don’t remember the Q but I think it said least likely)
- Acinar cell carcinoma 1-5% of salivary gland tumours.
- Mucinous mucoepidermoid?
- Pleomorphic x adenocarcinoma I think. 10% over 15 years convert
- SCC
Peutz Jegher. Describe
- Harmatomatous polyposis + mucutaneous pigmentation- AD- smooth muscle core polyps -> differentiate from Cowden and Cronkite canada- non-neoplastic polyps- stomach and small intestine, and othersIncreased risk of cancer- GI adenocarcinoma- breast- lung- pancreas- ovary - sex cord tumour- uterus- cervix adenoma malignum (adenocarcinoma subtype of the cervix)- testis
- Pseudohermophroditism: same question was included in the radiology and pathology.
- Leydig cell tumor
- Serotoli Leydig cell tumor
- Granulosa cell tumor
- Serous malignancy
- Mucinous tumor
- Serotoli Leydig cell tumor
- Which of the following association is LEAST correct:
- Nodular fasciitis has irregular margins
- Nodular fasciitis presents in forearm
- Nodular fasciitis is associated
- Myositis ossificans has well defined margins
- Myositis ossificans involves proximal extremity.
*AJL - Myositis ossificans has a well-defined calcified margin after 4-6 weeks but can be ill-defined early on.
Nodular fasciitis appears to have smooth margins (as LJS describes below)
Preferred answer is probably 1.
(acknowledging that there’s no acuity mentioned or what the association is)
**LJS - agree that margins only calcified later on, but no time frame specified, so could be considered correct. Nodular fasciitis is described as well circumscribed, and all the RP/statdx/google pics look round/oval with relatively smooth margins. Maybe 1. is incorrect?
Previous answer…
4. Myositis ossificans has well defined margins
- Which of the following association is LEAST correct:
- Nodular fasciitis has irregular margins – Nodular.
- Nodular fasciitis presents in forearm. Most common
- Nodular fasciitis is associated with trauma usually
- Myositis ossificans has well defined margins
- Myositis ossificans involves proximal extremity. Yes – “large muscles”Nodular fasciitis is a rapidly growing non-neoplastic soft tissue lesion that is frequently located in the deep subcutaneous region or in the fascia. The most common locations for nodular fasciitis are the volar aspect of the forearm, the lower extremity, and the chest and back. It typically manifests as a rapidly growing mass.Idiopathic causeTx: excise and monitor
- Squamous cell skin cancer: Not associated
- SLE
- CLL
- Post renal transplant
- HPV
- Sun rays
- SLE ?? is apparently, but not mentioned in Robbins20.
Squamous cell skin cancer: Not associated
1. SLE ?? is apparently, but not mentioned in Robbins
*LW: –> Infrequently, squamous cell carcinoma develops in sites of DLE. Squamous cell carcinoma in DLE is estimated to occur in 2 to 3 percent of DLE patients, is postulated to be related to the presence of chronic inflammation, and is associated with increased risk for a poor prognosis for squamous cell carcinoma.
This is relatively rare assoication.
- CLL yes
- Post renal transplant yes
- HPV definitely
- Sun rays obviously
- Primary biliary cirrhosis: (F)
- Elevated serum transaminase
- Associated with antimitochondrial antibodies
- Associated with HCC
- Middle aged female
- Involves both intra and extra hepatic radicals
. Involves both intra and extra hepatic radicals - FALSE:
Intra only
PBC is characterized by the destruction of small intrahepatic bile ducts, portal inflammation, and progressive scarring. The cause of PBC is unknown, but it is probably due to an inherited abnormality of immunoregulation.
- Cholangiocarinoma association
- PBC
- Choldedochal cyst
- Bile duct adenoma
- Choldedochal cyst