Path II-Glomerulonephritis Flashcards
T/F: Glomerular pathology is usually of inflammatory nature.
True
recall that not all glomeruli diseases are inflammatory
Why was glomerulonephritis properly termed Glomerular disease or glomerulopathy recently?
Because not all glomerular disorders are of an inflammatory nature.
This category of glomerular disease develops in the kidney, as the kidney is the primary target.
Primary glomerular disease
Category of glomerular disease that results from systemic disease that affects the kidney.
Secondary glomerular disease
What is the structure of the glomerulus?
Afferent arterioles —> capillaries (filter blood) —> efferent arterioles
What are the name of the cells that surround the afferent arterioles?
Juxtaglomerular cells
What is the hormone produced by the juxtaglomerular cells?
Renin
What accounts for filtration in the glomeruli?
Hydrostatic pressure
If BP drops <50mmHg, there is not enough pressure for filtration.
What is the regulation of blood pressure dependent on?
Afferent arteriole
Inner structure of glomerular capillaries:
Cells with fenestration that promote filtration of blood and release of toxins.
Endothelial cells w/ fenestration
Inner structure of glomerular capillaries:
Layer of glomerular capillary where the endothelial cells lie on.
Foundation of the capillary
Glomerular basement membrane
Inner structure of glomerular capillaries:
Layer that covers the glomerular basement membrane from outside.
Visceral Epithelial cells AKA Podocytes
Inner structure of glomerular capillaries:
The structure of podocytes contains?
- Foot processes call Pedicels or pedicles
2. Filtration slits
Inner structure of glomerular capillaries:
Layer of glomerular capillary that covers the inner surface of Bowman’s capsule.
Parietal epithelial cells
Order of layers on glomeruli capillaries
Endothelial cells with fenestration
Glomerular basement membrane
Visceral epithelial cells AKA Podocytes
Parietal epithelial cells
What is the name of the cell the fills the space between the tufts of the glomerular capillaries?
Mesangial cells
Function of mesangial cell that helps hold glomerulus together.
Contractility
Function of mesangial cells that is responsible for replacing lost tissue, ultimately healing.
Proliferation
Function of the mesangial cells that leads to the stimulation of hematopoiesis.
Produce erythropoietin
3 types of the glomerulonephritis:
Type of glomerulonephritis that corresponds to type 3 hypersensitivity rxn/immune complex mediated type.
Circulating immune complex deposition glomerulonephritis
3 types of the glomerulonephritis:
Explain what happens with type 3 hypersensitivity rxn/ immune complex mediated type.
Intruder —>
Ab made, enters blood —>
Ag + Ab = Immune complex —>
IC in blood binds to BV wall —>
IC attracts phagocytes which digest IC—>
If in free flow IC is digested and when bound to BV wall, IC harder to digest because entire BV can’t be digested —>
Phagocytes then send out proteolytic enzymes —>
BV wall is damaged and development of inflammation = vasculitis
3 types of the glomerulonephritis:
In the case of CICDG, does it correspond w/ immune complex mediated hypersensitivity?
The IC are deposited in between endothelial cells and basement membrane.
They attach to BV wall and attract phagocytes.
The phagocytes secrete proteolytic enzymes that destroy the BV wall and IC, leading to VASCULITIS
3 types of the glomerulonephritis:
Term for IC deposits in between the endothelial cells and basement membrane.
Subendothelial deposits
3 types of the glomerulonephritis:
Type of glomerulonephritis where the Ab of the glomerular basement membrane are regarded as non-self Ab.
Anti-GBM glomerulonephritis
