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Unit 4 JG > Path > Flashcards

Path Flashcards

1
Q

vasculitis: small vessel vasculitis with P-ANCA against (proteinase 3/myeloperoxidase)

A

myeloperoxidase (P is perinuclear)

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2
Q

vasculitis: small vessel vasculitis with C-ANCA against (proteinase 3/myeloperoxidase)

A

proteinase 3 (C is cytoplasmic)

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3
Q

vasculitis: what type of bacteria invades the endothelial cells, smooth muscles, and capillaries?

A

Rickettsia

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4
Q

vasculitis: (Behcet/Buerger-Thromboangiitis obliterans/Kawasaki/Takayasu/Churg Strauss) large and small vessels, mucous membranes of many organs, oral and genital ulcers, ocular inflammation

A

Behcet. Treat with corticosteroids

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5
Q

vasculitis: (Behcet/Buerger-Thromboangiitis obliterans/Kawasaki/Takayasu/Churg Strauss) medium and small arteries of distal arms and legs, gangrene, painful ulceration, smoking

A

thromboangiitis obliterans, Buerger disease (polyphenols from tobacco elicit antibodies, 25-40 year olds)

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6
Q

vasculitis: (Behcet/Buerger-Thromboangiitis obliterans/Kawasaki/Takayasu/Churg Strauss) small and medium arteries, arterioles, veins. Granulomas and eosinophilic infiltrates, asthma, P-ANCA

A

Churg Strauss (young pts with asthma, tx with corticosteroids)

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7
Q

vasculitis: (Behcet/Buerger-Thromboangiitis obliterans/Kawasaki/Takayasu/Churg Strauss) aortic arch and branches

A

Takayasu Arteritis

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8
Q

vasculitis: (Behcet/Buerger-Thromboangiitis obliterans/Kawasaki/Takayasu/Churg Strauss) coronary arteries

A

Kawasaki Disease

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9
Q

vasculitis: (Behcet/Buerger-Thromboangiitis obliterans/Kawasaki/Takayasu/Churg Strauss) inflammation of vasa vasorum requires differentiation from syphilis

A

Takayasu

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10
Q

vasculitis: (Behcet/Buerger-Thromboangiitis obliterans/Kawasaki/Takayasu/Churg Strauss) women under 30, pulseless disease if subclavian arteries are affected, vision disturbances

A

Takayasu

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11
Q

vasculitis: (Behcet/Buerger-Thromboangiitis obliterans/Kawasaki/Takayasu/Churg Strauss) acute necrotizing, infection with parvovirus/bacteria, fever, rash, conjunctival and oral lesions, LAD

A

Kawasaki

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12
Q

vasculitis: (Behcet/Buerger-Thromboangiitis obliterans/Kawasaki/Takayasu/Churg Strauss) children, parvovirus infection

A

Kawasaki

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13
Q

vasculitis: (Polyarteritis nodosa/Hypersensitivity-microscopic angiitis/Giant Cell arteritis/Wegener Granulomatosis) aka Temporal arteritis

A

Giant Cell

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14
Q

vasculitis: (Polyarteritis nodosa/Hypersensitivity-microscopic angiitis/Giant Cell arteritis/Wegener Granulomatosis) 70% C-ANCA, 10% P-ANCA, men age 50-60

A

Wegener

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15
Q

vasculitis: (Polyarteritis nodosa/Hypersensitivity-microscopic angiitis/Giant Cell arteritis/Wegener Granulomatosis) medium and small arteries, sometimes large arteries, vigorous acute inflam response, necrosis, thrombosis, infarcts, aneurysm in large arteries

A

polyarteritis nodosa

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16
Q

vasculitis: (Polyarteritis nodosa/Hypersensitivity-microscopic angiitis/Giant Cell arteritis/Wegener Granulomatosis) clinical findings in kidneys, heart, muscle, skin. Occurs in HBV, HCV, HIV patients

A

polyarteritis nodosa (treat with corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide)

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17
Q

vasculitis: (Polyarteritis nodosa/Hypersensitivity-microscopic angiitis/Giant Cell arteritis/Wegener Granulomatosis) P-ANCA, smallest arteries and arterioles, reaction to foreign materials/drugs/infection

A

Hypersensitivity microscopic angiitis

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18
Q

vasculitis: (Polyarteritis nodosa/Hypersensitivity-microscopic angiitis/Giant Cell arteritis/Wegener Granulomatosis) cutaneous purpuric lesions, complication is renal involvement

A

hypersensitivity microscopic angiitis

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19
Q

vasculitis: (Polyarteritis nodosa/Hypersensitivity-microscopic angiitis/Giant Cell arteritis/Wegener Granulomatosis) usually benign and self limited, 70 years mean onset, cranial arteries, aorta and branches

A

giant cell. giant cells distributed at internal elastic lamina

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20
Q

vasculitis: (Polyarteritis nodosa/Hypersensitivity-microscopic angiitis/Giant Cell arteritis/Wegener Granulomatosis) nodular thickening of lumen, increased risk in HLA-DR4

A

giant cell. temporal pain, treat with corticosteroids

21
Q

vasculitis: (Polyarteritis nodosa/Hypersensitivity-microscopic angiitis/Giant Cell arteritis/Wegener Granulomatosis) small and medium arteries/veins, necrosis, lesions of nose/sinuses/lungs/kidney

A

Wegener (granulomatous inflammation)

22
Q

Monckeberg medial sclerosis is characterized by calcification of (smallest and small/small and medium/medium and large/large and largest) arteries of older pts who are not otherwise affected by atherosclerosis

A

large and medium arteries

23
Q

symptoms of Monckeberg medial sclerosis

A

usually asymptomatic

24
Q

most major factor in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (systemic HTN/hyperlipidemia)

A

hyperlipidemia

25
Q

(thrombin/plasmin) involved in fibrinolysis

A

plasmin

26
Q

pt with an unrepaired ASD may develop (paradoxical embolism/pulmonary HTN)

A

pulm HTN–narrowing of pulm vasculature, R to L shunt

27
Q

large VSD can lead to _____ syndrome

A

Eisenmenger

28
Q

(subendocardial/transmural) MI’s occur as a consequence of hypoperfusion of the heart secondary to poor coronary blood flow, often in the setting of hypotension

A

subendocardial

29
Q

(subendocardial/transmural) MI’s follow occlusion of a major coronary artery

A

transmural

30
Q

(viral myocarditis/rheumatic heart disease) associated with focal inflammatory lesions found in various tissues, most distinctive in the heart, termed “Aschoff bodies”

A

rheumatic heart disease

31
Q

_____ syndrome reflects the release of active tumor products and features diarrhea, flushing, bronchospasm, and skin lesions

A

carcinoid

32
Q

carcinoid heart disease typically affects which two valves in the heart

A

pulmonic and tricuspid

33
Q

(restrictive/constrictive) pericarditis is a chronic fibrosing disease of the pericardium that compresses the heart and restricts inflow. It results from an exuberant healing response

A

constrictive

34
Q

tricuspid (insufficiency/stenosis) secondary to bacterial endocarditis is one of the most common complications of IV drug abuse

A

insufficiency

35
Q

complications of bacterial PNA include spread of infection to (blood/bronchi/interstitial space/pericardium/pleural space), pulm abscess, pulm fibrosis

A

pleural space (empyema)

36
Q

____ is a loculated collection of pus with fibrous walls that follows the spread of bacterial infection to the pleural space. thick, foul smelling fluid

A

empyema

37
Q

pulmonary infection with ______ (bacteria) is common as a superinfection after influenza, occurs in chronically ill patients who are prone to aspiration or who are intubated

A

staph aureus

38
Q

lobar PNA: (Strep pneumoniae/Klebsiella pneumoniae) MCC of community acquired PNA and secondary PNA, seen in middle aged adults and elderly

A

strep

39
Q

lobar PNA: (Strep pneumoniae/Klebsiella pneumoniae) aspirated enteric flora, seen in nursing homes, alcoholics, diabetics, currant jelly sputum

A

klebsiella. often complicated by abscess

40
Q

broncho PNA: (S aureus/H influenzae/P aeruginosa/Legionella) often complicated by abscess or empyema

A

S aureus

41
Q

broncho PNA: (S aureus/H influenzae/P aeruginosa/Legionella) leads to exacerbation of COPD

A

H influenzae

42
Q

broncho PNA: (S aureus/H influenzae/P aeruginosa/Legionella) in CF patients

A

P aeruginosa

43
Q

broncho PNA: (S aureus/H influenzae/P aeruginosa/Legionella) best visualized by silver stain, macrophage infiltrate

A

Legionella–contaminated water source

44
Q

interstitial (atypical) PNA: (mycoplasma/chlamydia/resp syncytial virus/CMV/C burnetti) a rickettsial organism that causes PNA, Q fever, does not produce a skin rash

A

C burnetti

45
Q

interstitial (atypical) PNA: (mycoplasma/chlamydia/resp syncytial virus/CMV/C burnetti) young adults, MCC of atypical PNA, cold hemolytic anemia, IgM, erythema multiforme

A

mycoplasma (no gram stain due to lack of cell wall)

46
Q

interstitial (atypical) PNA: (mycoplasma/chlamydia/resp syncytial virus/CMV/C burnetti) 2nd MCC of atypical PNA in young adults

A

chlamydia

47
Q

interstitial (atypical) PNA: (mycoplasma/chlamydia/resp syncytial virus/CMV/C burnetti) MCC of atypical PNA in infants

A

RSV

48
Q

interstitial (atypical) PNA: (mycoplasma/chlamydia/resp syncytial virus/CMV/C burnetti) posttransplant immunosuppressive therapy

A

CMV

49
Q

MAI often occurs in AIDS patients due to depletion of CD4 T cells, characterized by an extensive pulmonary infiltrate of (eosinophils/macrophages/mast cells)

A

macrophages

Unit 4 JG (5 decks)

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