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State PQ > PastQ > Flashcards

PastQ Flashcards

1
Q

Rabid animal

A

Means an animal in which unquestionable laboratory tests have confirmed rabies

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2
Q

CLASSICAL SWINE FEVER

Surveillance zone

A
  • A radius of at least 10 km
  • Census of all holdings
  • Prohibition of any movement or transport of pigs
  • Cleaning and disinfection
  • Removal of pigs from a holding situated in a surveillance or protection zone must be authorized by the veterinary authory
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3
Q

CLASSICAL SWINE FEVER

Repopulation of a holding affected by the disease

A
  • Minimum 30 days after cleaning and disinfection
  • Open-air holdings: full repopulation may take place only if no sentinel pigs has developed antibodies against the virus
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4
Q 
AFRICAN SWINE FEVER
Surveillance zone (restricted zone II)
A
  • A radius of at least 10 km
  • Lifting restrictions: serological survey
  • Min 30 days
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5
Q

AFRICAN SWINE FEVER

Restocking

A

• In the case of holdings where the occurrence of disease has been linked to vectors, restocking shall not take place for at least 6 years unless:

  • Specific operations to eliminate the vector from the premises and places where the pigs are kept or can come into contact with the vector have been successfully carried out under official supervision,
    OR
  • It has been possible to show that
    the presens of the vector no longer represents a significant risk of African swine fever being transmitted
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6
Q

AUJESZKY DISEASE

Control of free status: regular tests

A

• Large scale holding
o All boars: every 6 months
o Sows:20-50%every6months
o Representative sample of fattening pigs

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7
Q

TESCHOVIRUS

Large scale holding

A
  • All diseased and suspected of being diseased pig: killed on the spot
  • Suspected of being contaminated: observation for 40 days, if slaughtered: heat treatment
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8
Q

ANTHRAX

Infected areas

A
  • Pasture or other area where anthrax was confirmed or which was the origin of infection (eg. water, feedstuff source)
  • Village, farm, holding where anthrax was confirmed
  • Burying ground or pound

• Measures:

  • Fence
  • No grazing, feed stuff production in the area
  • Only vaccinated animals may be kept there
  • For minimum 25 years!!
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9
Q

ANTHRAX

Public measures

A
  • Notification to state medical service
  • Informing the keeper, owner
  • Personal disinfection
  • Protective gloves, gloves and footwear
  • Keeping the floor wet, prevention of dust
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10
Q

FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE

Sampling

A
  • The preferred tissue for diagnosis is epithelium from an unruptured or freshly ruptured vesicle
  • Where this is not possible, saliva and blood and/or esophageal-pharyngeal fluid samples taken by probang cup in ruminants or throat swabs from swine provide an alternative source of virus
  • Myocardial tissue or blood can be submitted from fatal cases, but vesicles are again preferable if present
  • It is vital that samples from suspected cases are transported under secure special conditions and according to the international regulations. They should only be dispatched to authorized laboratories
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11
Q

BOVINE BRUCELLOSIS

Public health measures

A
  • Notification to state medical service
  • Informing the keeper, owner (pregnancy!)
  • Personal disinfection
  • Protective clothes, gloves and footwear
  • Control of products
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12
Q

CONTAGIOUS BOVINE PLEUROPNEUMONIA (CBPP)

Country free from infection without intermediate steps

A

• Continuously free from CBPP for at least 10 years
• No vaccination for at least 10 years
• No clinical or pathological evidence for at least 10 years
• Adequate disease surveillance and reporting system
• Use of diagnostic procedures capable of differentiating Mycoplasma mycoides from
other bovine Mycoplasma infections

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13
Q

CONTAGIOUS BOVINE PLEUROPNEUMONIA (CBPP)

Re-establishing infection free status

A

• 2 years from the date of the last case
• Demonstration that the outbreak did not represent endemic infection and that the
disease has been eradicated by the actions taken

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14
Q

BLUETONGUE

Measures in the protection zone

A
  • The identification of all holdings with animals inside the zone
  • The implementation by the competent authority of an epidemio-surveillance programme based on the monitoring of sentinel groups of bovine animals (or, in their absence, of other species of ruminant) and vector populations
  • A ban on animals leaving the zone. However, exemptions from the exit ban may be decided on in particular for animals situated in part of the zone where there is a proven absence of viral circulation or of vectors
  • Vaccination of animals bluetongue and their identification in the protection zone may be decided
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15
Q

GLANDERS

Definition of diseased animals

A
  • Typical clinical signs
  • Non-typical clinical signs but immunodiagnostic test “+”
  • No clinical signs but repeated immunodiagnostic test “+”
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16
Q

GLANDERS

Public health measures

A
  • Notification to the public health service
  • Informing the keepers
  • Protective cloth, personal disinfection
  • No treatment of infected animals
  • SD: treatment only by veterinarian
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17
Q

AFRICAN HORSE SICKNESS

Protection zone

A
  • Minimum 12 months
  • A minimum radios of 100 km
  • Taking into account of epidemiological, geographical, climatic conditions
  • Informing the public about restrictions
  • Disinfection
  • Visit of all holding keeping equidae, samples
  • Movement of horses: only for emergency slaughter
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18
Q

AFRICAN HORSE SICKNESS

Surveillance zone

A
  • Minimum 12 months
  • A minimum radios of +50 km
  • Taking into account of epidemiological, geographical, climatic conditions
  • Informing the public about restrictions
  • Disinfection
  • Visit of all holding keeping equidae, samples
  • Movement of horses: only for emergency slaughter
  • Vaccination is prohibited
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19
Q

EQUINE INFECTIOUS ANAEMIA

Control measures

A

Isolation, housing in the stable, disinsectisation

Diseased, infected:
- slaughter at a slaughterhouse

Suspected of being diseases:

  • Movement restriction, observation
  • Clinical and serological examination: every 3 weeks

Suspected of being contaminated:

  • Movement restrictions
  • Diagnostic examination: every 3 weeks
  • Minimum 90days
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20
Q

SCABIES

Suspected of being contaminated (SC)

A
  • Direct or indirect contact with 42 days with D (diseased) or SD (suspected diseased)
  • The obligatory yearly treatment was not carried out in sheep
  • There were sheep introduced into the herd without previous isolation
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21
Q

SCABIES

Measures in sheep

A

D, SD, SC: obligatory treatment (w. approved product)
Sheep:
- If < 2 cm wool: 1x
- If > 2 cm wool: shearing and 1x or treatment 2x (interval 7-10 days)

Movement restrictions:

  • Grazing, work, changing keeping place only after treatment if at the new place there is no contact with susceptible animals
  • Slaughter: only after treatment(zoonosis!)

Raw products:

  • Disinfection
  • Wool: separate storing for 6 weeks

Equipment, buildings: strict disinfection of 6 weeks without contact with animals

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22
Q

NEWCASTLE DISEASE

Protection zone

A
  • A minimum radius of 3 km
  • Stand-still measures and controlled movement of poultry for at least 21 days
  • Before lifting the measures: sampling of the poultry holdings
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23
Q

NEWCASTLE DISEASE

Surveillance zone

A
  • A minimum radius of 10 km
  • Stand-still measures and controlled movements of poultry for at least 30 days
  • Before lifting the measures: sampling of the poultry holdings
24
Q

AVIAN INFLUENZA

A

• An infection of poultry or other captive birds caused by any influenza A virus:

  • Of the subtypes H5 or H7
  • With an intravenous pathogenicity index in six-week old chickens greater than 1.2
25
Q

AVIAN INFLUENZA

Definition of LPAI

A

• Low pathogenic avian influenza
• An infection of poultry or other captive birds caused by avian influenza viruses of
subtypes H5 or H7 that do not come within the definition of HPAI

26
Q

AVIAN INFLUENZA

Definition of DIVA

A

• Differentiating infected from vaccinated animal (DIVA) strategy
• A vaccination strategy which enables a differentiation to be made between
vaccinated/infected and vaccinated/non-infected animals through the application of a diagnostic test designed to detect antibodies against the field virus and the use of non-vaccinated sentinel birds

27
Q

DUCK VIRAL ENTERITIS

Preventative measures

A
  • No free keeping on natural water during the 2 weeks before egg-laying period
  • Infected natural water: no susceptible birds for 2 years, except vaccinated broiler ducks
  • Breeding and broiler flocks shall not be kept together
28
Q

MYXOMATOSIS

Lifting restrictions

A

• Killing, death or recovery of the last diseased animals: 30 days waiting period + strict disinfection

29
Q

AMERICAN FOULBROOD

Measures

A

Movement restrictions

  • Marking of bee colonies (hives)
  • Prohibition of antibiotic treatment
  • Prohibition of any intervention transmitting the disease
  • Laboratory examination from the colonies suspected of being diseased

Bee colonies: killing
- If less than 50% of the colonies are infected: killing only the infected colonies
- If during the monitoring new infected colonies are found: killing all colonies
- Killed bees: burning the carcasses and burial (+products, comb, brood)
- Burning and burial (min 50 cm deep) of every combustible material from the
hive

Strict disinfection (hive, equipment, buildings, soil)

30
Q

AMERICAN FOULBROOD

Lifting restrictions

A
  • 60 days observation (take into account the non-brooding period)
  • Strict disinfection
  • If only colonies suspected of being diseased: and the laboratory ruled out: lifting without disinfection
  • If only colonies suspected of being contaminated: without disinfection after observation
31
Q

ACARIOSIS (TRACHEAL MITE INFECTION) OF HONEY BEE

Protection zone

A
  • 5km
  • No movement of colonies
  • No exhibition
  • Examination of all colonies
  • Wandering: from places not under restrictions + veterinary checks
  • Authorization: district veterinary officer

• “escape” due to plant protection: to a place where there is no colonies
o Notification to the official veterinarian
o Back to the original place within 14 days

32
Q

ACARIOSIS (TRACHEAL MITE INFECTION) OF HONEY BEE

Measures

A
  • Bee colonies: obligatory treatment: all colonies in the protection zone
  • If refused: killing without state compensation
  • Honey, products: only after heat treatment
  • Disinfection: (empty hive, equipment’s), SO2 treatment, keeping empty for 1 week
33
Q

Five freedoms

A
  1. Freedom from hunger and thirst – access to fresh water and a diet for full health and vigour
  2. Freedoms from discomfort – an appropriate environment with shelter and comfortable rest area
  3. Freedom from pain, injury and disease – prevention or rapid treatment
  4. Freedom to express normal behaviour – adequate space and facilities, company of
    the animal’s own kind
  5. Freedom from fear and distress – conditions and treatment which avoid mental
    sufferings
34
Q

Three Rs

A
  1. Reduction in number of animals
  2. Refinement of experimental methods
  3. Replacement of animals with non-animal techniques
35
Q

Stunning

A

• Stunning must not be carried out unless it is possible to bleed the animals immediately afterwards

Authorised methods:
o Captive bolt pistol
o Percussive blow to the head 
o Electro narcosis
o Exposure to carbon dioxide
36
Q

Stunning not necessary

A
  • The obligation of stunning does not apply to invertebrate animals, to poultry and rabbits slaughtered for home consumption, and in cases where killing of the animal is necessary due to an emergency situation
  • However, in these cases it must be ensured that the killing of the animals is done with skill, rapidly, and with least suffering
37
Q

Killing methods

A
  • Free bullet pistol or rifle
  • Electrocution
  • Exposure to carbon dioxide
  • Other approved methods (decapitation, dislocation of the neck, vacuum chamber)
38
Q

The following methods of killing shall be prohibited

A
  • Drowning and other methods of suffocation if they do not produce immediate loss of consciousness and death
  • The use of any poisonous substance or drug, the dose and application of which cannot be controlled so as to give the effect mentioned above
  • Electrocution unless preceded by immediate induction of loss of consciousness
39
Q

Castration of piglets

A

• The castration of male pigs or tail-docking after 7 days of age: only under anaesthetic and additional prolonged analgesia by a veterinarian

40
Q

Cruelty to animals

A

• Any person who is engaged in the in the unjustified abuse or unjustified mistreatment of vertebrate animals resulting in permanent damage to the animal’s health or in the animals’s destruction;
o Or who abandons, dispossess or expels a domesticated vertebrate animal or a dangerous animal is guilty of a misdemeanour
• The penalty for a felony shall be higher, if the criminal offence is carried out in a manner to cause undue suffering to the animal, or results in permanent damage to several animals or in the destruction of more than one animal

41
Q

Experimental animals NOT used for

A

• No license ay be granted for experiments proposed for the purposes of manufacture of cosmetics, tobacco, other consumer goods, weapons and their components, and ammunition

42
Q

Illegal experiments

A

• In case of violation of the internal animal experimentation regulation the LAEC is entitled to immediately cancel the experiment with simultaneous notification of the animal welfare authority

43
Q

General conditions for the transport of animals

A

• No person shall transport animals or cause animals to be transported in a way likely to cause injury or undue suffering to them
• All necessary arrangements have been made in advance to minimise the length of the journey and meet animals’ needs during the journey
• The animals are fit for the journey
• The means of transport are designed, constructed, maintained and operated so as to
avoid injury and suffering and ensure the safety of the animals
• The loading and unloading facilities are adequately designed, constructed, maintained and operated so as to avoid injury and suffering and ensure the safety of
the animals
• The personnel handling animals are trained or competent as appropriate for this
purpose and carry out their tasks without using violence or any method likely to
cause unnecessary fear, injury or suffering
• The transport is carried out without delay to the place of destination and the welfare
conditions of the animals are regularly checked and appropriately maintained
• Sufficient floor area and height is provided for the animals, appropriate to their size
and the intended journey
• Water, feed and rest are offered to the animals at suitable intervals and are
appropriate to their species and size

44
Q

Transport times of farm animals

A

Domestic equidae, domestic animals of bovine, ovine, caprine and porcine species:
o The requirements apply to the movement of domestic equidae, except registered equidae, domestic animals of bovine, ovine, caprine and porcine species, except in the case of air transport
o Journey times shall not exceed 8 hours
o The maximum journey may be extended if the additional requirements are met
o The watering and feeding intervals, journey times and rest periods when using road vehicles which meet the additional requirements are:
- Unweaned calves, lambs, kids and foals which are still on a milk diet
and unweaned piglets must, after 9 hours of travel, be given a rest period of at least one hour sufficient in particular for them to be given liquid and if necessary fed. After this rest period, they may be transported for a further 9 hours
- Pigs may be transported for a maximum period of 24 hours. During the journey, they must have continuous access to water
- Domestic equidae may be transported for a maximum period of 24 hours. During the journey they must be given liquid and if necessary fed every eight hours
- All other animals must, after 14 hours of travel, be given a rest period of at least one hour sufficient for them in particular to be given liquid and if necessary fed. After this rest period, they may be transported for a further 14 hours
o After the journey time laid down, animals must be unloaded ,fed and watered and be rested for at least 24 hours
o In the interests of the animals ,the journey times may be extended by 2 hours, taking account in particular of proximity to the place of destination
o Member States are authorised to provide for a maximum non-extendible journey time of eight hours for the transport of animals destined for slaughter, where the transport is carried out exclusively from a place of departure to a place of destination both situated on their own territory
• For poultry, domestic birds and domestic rabbits, suitable food and water shall be available in adequate quantities, save in the case of a journey lasting less than
o 12 hours disregarding loading and unloading time;or
o 24 hours for chicks of all species, provided that it is completed within 72
hours after hatching

45
Q

Journey log

A

• In the case of long journeys between Member States and with third countries for domestic equidae and domestic animals of bovine, ovine, caprine and porcine species, the competent authority of the place of departure shall carry out appropriate checks to verify that:
o transporters indicated in the journey log have the
corresponding valid transporter authorisations, the valid certificates of approval for means of transport for long journeys and valid certificates of competence for drivers and attendants
o the journey log submitted by the organiser is realistic and indicates compliance with the regulation

46
Q

Regulations

A

• Are directly applied without the need for national measures to implement them

47
Q

Directives

A

• Bind Member States as to the objectives to be achieved while leaving the national authorities the power to choose the from and the means to be used

48
Q

Decisions

A

• Are binding in all their aspects upon those to whom they are addressed. A decision may be addressed to any or all Member States, to undertakings or to individuals

49
Q

European Commission

A
  • 27 independent members: one from each EU country
  • Proposes new legislation
  • Executive organ
  • Guardian of the treaties
  • Represent the EU on the international stage
50
Q

Specialist Commissions

A

LACS :))))

• Legislative power
o Consultationprocedure
o Cooperationprocedure
o Co-decision (ordinary) procedure 
o Parliament’s assent
  • Power over the budget
  • Supervision of the executive
51
Q

OIE – main objectives (duties)

A
  • To inform government about the occurrence and course of diseases of animals throughout the world and ways of controlling these diseases
  • To provide co-ordination at the international level for studies devoted to the surveillance and control of diseases of animals
  • To examine regulations for trade in animals and products of animal origin, with a view to harmonizing such regulations among Member Countries
  • To give priority to the welfare of animals used in agriculture and aquaculture and to identify animal welfare research needs
52
Q

Food and veterinary office (FVO)

A
  • Promote effective control systems in the food safety and quality, veterinary and plant health sectors
  • Check on compliance with the requirements of EU food safety and quality, veterinary and plant health legislation within the European Union and in third countries exporting to the EU
  • Contribute to the development of EU policy in the food safety and quality, veterinary and plant health sectors
53
Q

GATT

A
  • The general agreement on tariffs and trade
  • Was an international agreement, a document setting out the rules for conducting international trade, and an international organization created later to support the agreement
  • GATT, the international agency, no longer exists. It has now been replaced by the World Trade Organization
  • Mainly dealt with trade in goods
54
Q

GATT agreement/SPS

A
  • The aim is to reduce to a minimum the negative effects of health barriers on international trade, states in particular that countries should, with a view to achieving the widest possible harmonisation of their animal health measures taken to ensure the protection of human and animal life and health, establish their measures on the basis of international standards, guidelines and recommendations
  • Those international animal health measures which conform to international standards, guidelines and recommendations will be deemed necessary for the protection of human and animal life and health and considered to be in accordance with the SPS agreement
  • The SPS agreement subsequently specifies that the expression “standards, guidelines and recommendations.. for animal health and zoonoses” refers to the “standards, guidelines and recommendations developed under the auspices of the OIE”
55
Q

Category 1 material – only carcasses

A

• All body parts, including hides and skins, of the following animals:
o Animals suspected of being infected by a TSE or in which the presence of a TSE has been officially confirmed
o Animals killed in the context of TSE eradication measures
o Animals other than farmed animals and wild animals, including in particular
pet animals, zoo animals and circus animals
o Experimental animals
o Wild animals, when suspected of being infected with diseases communicable to humans or animals

State PQ (4 decks)

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