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Pasteurellaceae practical Flashcards

1
Q

PASTEURELLACEAE: General

A 
1. Habitat:
• mucous membranes (respiratory way, genitals, alimentary tract)
2. Morphology:
• 0.5-2 µm coccoid rods
3. Staining:
• Gram-negative
• bipolar staining
4. Culture:
• fastidious (yeast extract, blood, pH-susceptibility)
• aerobic – facultative anaerobic
5. Biochemistry:
• catalase +,
• oxidase +,
• fermentative
• toxin production by some species
6. Antigens
• cell wall antigens
• capsule antigens
7. Resistance:
• weak
8. Pathogenicity:
• facultative pathogens
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2
Q

PASTEURELLA: General

A 
1. Habitat:
• mucous membranes (respiratory tract)
2. Morphology:
• 0.5-2 µm coccoid rods
3. Staining:
• Gram negative
• bipolar staining
4. Culture:
• fastidious
• yeast extract, blood,
• pH-susceptibility
• colony types
• M-S-R colonies
• smell 
5. Biochemistry:
• catalase +,
• oxidase +,
• fermentative
• cytotoxin production
•P. multocida D, (dermonecrotoxin)
• P. multocida subspecies:
   -biochemical differences
6. Antigens
• P. multocida
• cell wall
• 16 (Heddleston system), 11 (Namioka system)
• capsule
• A, B, D, E, F
7. Resistance:
• weak
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3
Q

P. multocida A, D

A

ruminants, swine pneumonia,
rabbit septicaemia, pneumonia,
fowl cholera

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4
Q

P. multocida D

A

atrophic rhinitis of swine

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5
Q

P. multocida B, E

A

haemorrhagic septicaemia

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6
Q

P. pneumotropica

A

lab. rodents pneumonia, dog, cat oral cavity

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7
Q

P. aerogenes

A

alimentary tract of swine, abortion

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8
Q

P. canis, P. dagmatis, P. stomatis

A

dog, cat: oral cavity, bite

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9
Q

P. caballi

A

horse respiratory infection

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10
Q

MANNHEIMIA, BIBERSTEINIA: General

A 
1. Habitat:
• mucous membranes (resp.)
2. Morphology
• 0.5-2 µm coccoid rods
3. Staining:
• Gram negative
• bipolar staining
4. Culture:
• fastidious
• yeast extract, blood, pH-susceptibility
• β hemolysis
5. Biochemistry:
• catalase +,
• oxidase +,
• fermentative
• leukotoxin production
6. Antigens
• cell wall
• capsule
• M. haemolytica 12 types
• B. trehalosi 4 types
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11
Q

M. (P.) haemolytica (P. haemolytica A):

A
  • ruminants pneumonia,
  • lamb septicaemia,
  • mastitis,
  • arthritis
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12
Q

B. trehalosi (P. haemolytica T, P. trehalosi) :

A

acute systemic pasteurellosis of feedlot lambs

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13
Q

ACTINOBACILLUS: General

A 
1. Habitat:
• alimentary tract, respiratory and genital ways, mucous membrane
Species:
• A. lignieresii
• A. equuli
• A. suis
• A. seminis
• A. ureae
• A. pleuropneumoniae
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14
Q

A. lignieresii: General

A 
1. Habitat:
• cattle, sheep oral cavity, rumen
2. Morphology:
• 1-1.2 µm rods, filaments,
• sulphur granules in lesions (like: actinomycosis)
3. Staining:
• Gram negative, bipolar
4. Culture:
• aerobic, facultative anaerobic,
• poor growth on nutrient agar,
• sticks to the agar
5. Biochemistry:
• catalase +,
• oxidase +,
• fermentative,
6. Antigens:
• cell wall antigens, 6 serogroups
7. Resistance:
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15
Q

A. lignieresii

A

cattle, sheep, swine actinobacillosis

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16
Q

A. equuli: General

A 
1. Habitat:
• horse, swine alimentary tract, tonsils, respiratory tract
2. Morphology:
• 1-2 µm rod, filaments
3. Staining:
• Gram negative
4. Culture:
• large, viscous colonies
• some strains can haemolyse
5. Resistance:
• weak
17
Q
  • A. equuli subsp. equuli

* A. equuli subsp. haemolyticus

A
  • both subspecies cause the same disease
  • foal:
  • septicaemia, nephritis, pneumonia, arthritis
  • horse:
  • pyosepticaemia,
  • swine:
  • septicaemia, arthritis
18
Q

A. suis: General

A 
1. Habitat:
• swine mucous membranes (respiratory and genital tract)
2. Staining, morphology
• Gram negative rods
3. Culture:
• blood agar,
• β haemolysis
19
Q

A, suis

A

swine pneumonia, septicaemia, metritis

suckling piglet: septicaemia

20
Q

A. seminis: General

A
  1. Habitat:
    • mucous membranes of the genital tract of rams, semen
  2. Culture:
    • 10% CO2 blood agar
21
Q

A. seminis

A

facultative pathogenic, inflammation of the accessory glands,
epididymitis, abortion

22
Q

A. (Pasteurella) ureae

A

human respiratory way

human upper respiratory infection

23
Q

A. pleuropneumoniae: General

A 
1. Morphology:
• coccoid, short rods, some strains fimbria
2. Culture:
• fastidious,
• ß haemolysis
• blood agar, chocolate agar with yeast extract
• biotypes: NAD (V factor) demand
• biotype 1: V-factor demand
• satellitism, NAD, fresh yeast extract
• biotype 2: V-factor is not needed
3. Biochemistry:
• Apx I-II-III-IV cytotoxin produced
4. Antigens:
• 16 serogroups
5. Resistance:
• weak
24
Q

A. pleuropneumoniae

A

swine haemorrhagic-necrotic pleuropneumonia

25
Q

HAEMOPHILUS, AVIBACTERIUM

A 
1. Habitat:
• mucous membranes of humans and animals (respiratory, genital)
2. Morphology:
• 0.5-2 µm coccoid rods, filaments, (fimbria)
3. Staining:
• Gram negative
4. Culture:
• fastidious,
• additives
• haem (X-factor):
• blood
• NAD (V-factor):
• satellitism, NAD, fresh yeast extract,
• some species need 10-15 % CO2
5. Biochemistry:
• examination is difficult
6. Antigens:
• cell wall antigens
• capsule antigens
7. Resistance:
weak
8. Pathogenicity:
facultative pathogenic
26
Q

H. influenzae

A

human upper respiratory ways, meningitis

27
Q

H. parasuis

A
  • V factor demand,
  • 15 serotypes
  • porcine polyserositis (Glässer’s disease)
28
Q

Avibacterium (H.) paragallinarum

A
  • CO2 and V factor demand,
  • 3 serogroups, 9 subgroups
  • infectious coryza of hens
29
Q

HISTOPHILUS

A 
1. Habitat:
• urogenital mucous membranes, respiratory way
2. Staining, morphology:
• Gram negative rods
3. Culture:
• fastidious
• X, V factor not needed,
• CO2-demand
30
Q

Histophilus: Pathogenicity

A
  • facultative pathogenic,
  • cattle
  • septicaemia,
  • thromboembolic meningoencephalitis (TEME),
  • calf pneumonia,
  • abortion
  • mastitis
  • sheep:
  • epididymitis-orchitis,
  • abortion,
  • mastitis,
  • lamb septicaemia
31
Q

Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale: General

A 
1. Habitat:
• some bird species (turkey, chicken) upper respiratory ways
2. Morphology:
• 1-3 µm rods
3. Staining:
• Gram negative,
• bipolar
4. Culture:
• fastidious, blood agar
• 10% CO2
5. Biochemistry:
• catalase -,
• oxidase +,
6. Resistance:
• weak
32
Q

Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale

A
  • facultative pathogenic,

* turkey, chicken bronchitis

33
Q

Riemerella anatipestifer: General

A 
1. Habitat:
• water fowl upper respiratory ways
2. Morphology:
• 1-3 µm rods
3. Staining:
• Gram negative,
• bipolar
4. Culture:
• fastidious, chocolate agar
• 10% CO2
5. Biochemistry:
• extra cellular enzymes,
• proteolytic
6. Resistanc
34
Q

Riemerella anatipestifer

A
  • facultative pathogenic,

* anatipestifer disease in water fowl

35
Q

Taylorella (H.) equigenitalis: General

A 
1. Habitat:
• mucous membranes of the genitals of stallions,
• clitoris of mares
2. Morphology, staining:
• Gram negative coccoid rods, filaments
3. Culture:
• fastidious
• X and V factor not needed, CO2-demand,
36
Q

Taylorella (H.) equigenitalis

A

CEM: contagious equine metritis

37
Q

Identification of an unknown bacterium culture

A
  1. Inoculation on appropriate media
  2. Selection of suspected colonies, production of pure cultures
  3. Examination of cultural characteristics and colony morphology
  4. Primary tests
    • Gram staining, spores
    • Examination of movement
    • Catalase production
    • Oxidase production
    • Oxidative – fermentative test (glucose, aerobic/anaerobic prop.)
    • Identification of the genus or family
  5. Secondary tests
    • Examination of enzymes and products of the carbohydrate
    metabolism
    • Examination of enzymes and products of the nitrogen metabolism
    • Detection of extra cellular enzymes
  6. Identification of the bacterium
  7. Examination of antibiotic resistance

Bacteriology (5 decks)

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