Past Questions - Digestive System Flashcards
Where is the primary site for absorption of nutrients?
Small intestine
What are the finger like projections of mucosa that are seen in the small intestine?
Villi
What is the outer layer of the GI tract called when it is abutting another organ?
Adventitia
Where is masticatory mucosa found?
Hard palate
What is the surface layer of masticatory mucosa composed of?
Both a and b
a. Non keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
b. Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Which layer is NOT present in masticatory epithelium?
Stratum lucidum
Which type of papillae on the tongue is the most abundant?
Filiform papillae
What is the innermost layer of the GI tract called?
Mucosa
What is the lymphatic capillary within a villus of the small intestine called?
Lacteal
Which type of papillae on the tongue is not well developed in man?
Foliate papillae
Which cranial nerve is responsible for taste to the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?
IX
Which cranial nerve to the tongue is responsible for movement?
XII
Which cranial nerve is responsible for general sensation to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?
V
Which cranial nerve is responsible for taste to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?
VII
Which cranial nerve is responsible for general sensation to the posterior 1/3 of
the tongue?
IX
What covers the tooth that is embedded within the jaw?
Cementum
What is within the pulp cavity?
Dental pulp
What is the central portion of a tooth called?
Pulp cavity
What covers the visible portion of a tooth ?
Enamel
What surrounds the pulp cavity?
Dentin
Which layer contains the lamina propria?
Mucosa
What is another term for the valve of Kerckring?
Plicae circulares
Which type of papillae on the tongue is the smallest?
Filiform papillae
Where are Peyer’s patches located?
Small intestine
What type of muscle makes up the muscularis externa in the esophagus?
both a and b
a. Smooth
b. Striated
What are mucous surface cells?
Simple columnar epithelium
Which layer consists of only a single layer of epithelial cells and underlying connective tissue?
Serosa
What is another term for the brush border?
Striated border
Which type of papillae on the tongue is arranged in a “V” shape on the tongue?
Circumvallate papillae
Which cells secrete intrinsic factor?
Both a and b
a. Parietal cells
b. Oxyntic cells
Which layer contains the lining epithelium?
Mucosa
Which type of papillae on the tongue does NOT contain taste buds?
Filiform papillae
Which layer contains Auerbach’s plexus?
Muscularis externa
Which cells secrete hydrochloric acid?
Both a and b
a. Parietal cells
b. Oxyntic cells
What is another term for the intestinal glands?
Crypts of Lieberkuhn
Which organ has a mucosa lined by nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium?
Esophagus
What are the folds of the stomach called?
Rugae
Which type of papillae on the tongue is mushroom shaped?
Fungiform papillae
Which layer contains the muscularis mucosa?
Mucosa
What are microvilli called that are seen in the small intestine?
Striated border
Which layer of the gastrointestinal tract contains the gut associated lymphatic tissue?
Mucosa
Which cells secrete pepsinogen?
Chief cells
Which layer contains Meissner’s plexus?
Sub mucosa
What type of tissue lines most of the gastrointestinal tract?
Simple columnar epithelium
What type of tissue lines the upper esophagus?
Stratified squamous epithelium
What are the modifications of the muscularis externa that is seen on the large intestine?
Teniae coli
Where are Brunner’s glands located?
Small intestine
What is the primary cell of the intestinal epithelium of the large intestine?
Columnar absorptive cell
Which region are goblet cells most numerous?
Large intestine
Where is mesothelium found?
Serosa
Which of the following is the exocrine portion of the pancreas?
Acini
What are divertiuclae of the mucosa of the gallbladder called?
Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses
What structure is in the middle of the hepatic lobule?
Central vein
What is the space between the liver sinusoids and the hepatocytes called?
Space of Disse
What is the name of the cellular mass for the endocrine portion of the pancreas?
Islets of Langerhans
Which structures are part of the portal triad?
Both a and b
a. Portal vein
b. Hepatic artery
Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?
Storage of calcium
What is the functional unit of the liver?
Lobule
What are the valves which regulates the flow of bile into the intestine?
Sphincter of Oddi
What cells of the pancreas secrete somatostatin?
Delta cells
What is the opening of the pancreatic duct into the duodenum?
Ampulla of Vater
Which of the following is the exocrine portion of the pancreas?
Acini
Which of the following clotting factors is NOT produced in the liver?
Factor IV
In what structure does blood run through between the hepatocytes?
Sinusoids
What is the space called that is located at the portal canal between the hepatocytes and connective tissue?
Space of Disse
What layer is NOT found in the gallbladder?
Muscularis mucosa
What cell type makes up the mucosa of the gallbladder?
Simple columnar epithelium
What is the classification of the pancreas?
Both endocrine and exocrine
Which cell is a hepatic macrophage?
Kupffer cells
Where in the pancreas are islets of Langerhans most numerous?
Tail
What cells of the pancreas secrete insulin?
Beta cells
What is the pancreatic duct?
Duct of Wirsung
What structure is at the angle of the liver lobule?
Portal triad
Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?
Cholecystokinin production
What cells of the pancreas secrete glucagon?
Alpha cells
What are the connection between the cystic duct and liver?
Ducts of Luschka
Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?
Storage of bile
What cells of the pancreas secrete pancreatic polypeptide?
Gamma cells
