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Past papers Flashcards

1
Q

What is/are the visceral AFFERENT nucleus/ nuclei of vagus nerve?

A

lateral ala cinerea (solitary nucleus)

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2
Q

Which nucleus can be found in the facial colliculus?

A

Abducent nucleus with facial nerve looping around it

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3
Q

Which ganglion is responsible for the supply of palate glands?

A

Ptergopalatine ggl. (fibers from facial)

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4
Q

Which cranial nerve innervates the ciliary muscle?

A

Oculomotor n (short ciliary nerve)

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5
Q

Which funiculus of the spinal cord contains the pain fibers?

A 
Anterolateral spinothalamnic (protopathic)
(Spinal leminiscus?)
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6
Q

Which trigeminal nucleus contains epicritic information?

A

Principle (pontine)

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7
Q

Where is the third perikaryon for the pain conduction (trigeminal pathway) from the face?

A

VPM

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8
Q

Which tract terminates in the neocerebellum?

A

(Hemisphares) Pontocerebellar tract.

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9
Q

Which tract terminates in the Paliocerebellum?

A

(vermis) anterior and posterior spinocerebellar -(+reticulocerebellar)

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10
Q

Which tract terminates in the Archiocerebellum?

A

(nodule omg flocculus) vestibulocerebellar tract

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11
Q

Which tract terminates in the mammillary body?

A

Fornix (papes ring) Contines as mammillary thalamic tract from there)

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12
Q

Where is the injury in case of unilateral nasal hemianopia?

A

Optic nerve

in tract= loss in both = hennes svar

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13
Q

At which side of the optic nerve is the ciliary ganglion located?

A

Lateral to optic nerve (temporal)

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14
Q

From which pharyngeal pouch does the auditory tube develop?

A

First

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15
Q

Which ossicles develop from the first pharyngeal arch?

A

malleus and incus

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16
Q

Which ossicles develop from the second pharyngeal arch?

A

Stapes

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17
Q

Name a monosynaptic reflex arch in the brainstem

A

mesenteric reflex

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18
Q

Name a monosynaptic reflex arch in the spinal cord

A

strech reflex

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19
Q

Where is the second neuron in the olfactory pathway?

A

Olphactory bulb

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20
Q

Where is the first neuron in the olfactory pathway?

A

olfactory nerve comes from receptors directly (20 axons of receptors)

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21
Q

Where is the nucleus of the auditory pathway at the level of the mesencephalon?

A

Inferior colliculus

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22
Q

path of auditory pathway?

A

cholera spiral —->dorsal choclear nucleus-—>sup olivary——>trapezoid body connects)——>lat leminiscus to inf colliculus——> med. geniculate body.

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23
Q

Where is the corticospinal tract located in the mesencephalon?

A

Middle third of the Crus cerebri

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24
Q

What is the function of the corticonuclear fibers?

A
  • conscious control of SM nuclei (CN 3,4,6, (12, 5motor))
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25
Q

Which nucleus gives preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the laryngeal glands?

A

Medial ala cinerae (dorsal vagal nucleus)

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26
Q

Which nucleus gives brachiomotor (BM) fibers to glossopharyngeal nerve?

A

Ambigous

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27
Q

Which nucleus gives preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the lacrimal glands?

A

Superior salivatory nucleus

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28
Q

Which nerve gives postganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the lacrimal glands?

A

V1,V2

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29
Q

Where does the fibers for lacrimal gland synapse?

A

(first bypasses the geniculate ggl without synapsing)

-in pterygopalatine ganglion

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30
Q

What kind of neurons are found in the spiral ganglion?

A

Bipolar

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31
Q

Mention a tract that terminates in the archicerebellum.

A
  • vestibulocerebellar tract
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32
Q

Which nerve runs on the floor of the orbit?

A
  • infraorbital nerve of trigeminal V2
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33
Q

Which nerve innervates the posterior 1/3 of the tongue? Give the nerve and the branch.

A

Glossopharyngeal via its lingual branch

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34
Q

Which pathway relays in the medial geniculate body?

A

Auditory

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35
Q

Which pathway relays in the lateral geniculate body?

A

Visual

36
Q

Where does the medial lemniscus terminate?

A

VPL

37
Q

Which tract carries epicritic information from the lower body?

A

Gracile foniculus of medial leminiscal tract

38
Q

Which tract carries epicritic information from the upper body?

A

Cunate funiculus

39
Q

What sensations does the dorsal ascending system carry?

A

Epicritic :

  • Consious proprioception
  • fine touch, vibration, point mutation
40
Q

Where is the perikaryon of the 1st neuron of the tract that carries epicritic information from the upper body?

A

Dorsal root ganglion

41
Q

From which pharyngeal pouch does the tympanic cavity develop from?

A

First

42
Q

Where does the stapedius muscle insert?

A

Neck of Stapes bone

43
Q

What is the autonomic ganglion for the oculomotor nerve?

A

ciliary ganglion

44
Q

What kind of neurons can be found in the ciliary ganglion?

A

multipolar

45
Q

Which bone does stapedius attach to?

A

Incus

46
Q

Which is the Bronchiomotor nucleus of the glossopharyngeal nerve?

A

Ambigous

47
Q

Autonomic nucleus for laryngeal gland?

A

Dorsal vagal

48
Q

Which ossicle develops from the 2nd pharyngeal arch?

A

Stapes

49
Q

Defect for bilateral hemianopsia?

A

leiscon in optic Chiasma

50
Q

Location of perikarya if first neuron of protopathic tract?

A
  • Dorsal root ganglion in spine

- Spinal trigeminal nucleus in head

51
Q

What’s the motor nucleus of the thalamus?

A

VL,VA

52
Q

What is the opening into the post wall of tympanic cavity?

A

(Aditus) Opening to mastoid antrum.

53
Q

opening to medial wall of tympanic cavity?

A

oval and round windows

  lateral walls? 

- tympanic membrane.
- small apertures.
54
Q

opening of floor of tympanic cavity?

A

opening for pharyngeal nerve

55
Q

Rubrospinal tract which funiculus?

A

Lateral funiculus

56
Q

From mammilary body, to which nuclei of thalamus?

Mammilothalamic tract

A

Anterior nuclei

57
Q

What does gamma motor neurones innervate?

A

Interfusial fibers

58
Q

Where does consensual reflex cross?

A

(Light reflex) Pretectal nucleus

59
Q

Where is the 2nd order neuron of posterior Spinocerebellar tract situated?

A

Clarke’s column.

60
Q

Which nerve is uppermost in orbital cavity

A

Frontal nerve

61
Q

Apperture through which tympanic nerve passes through into tympanic cavity.

A

Tympanic canaliculus

62
Q

What tract ends with climbing fibrer

A

Olivocerebellar tract.

63
Q

What tract ends with mossy fibrers?

A

alla utom olivocerebellar

64
Q

Which nerve innervates the stapedius muscle?

A

stapedial nerve from facial

65
Q

Spinothalamic tract ends in Which nuclei of thalamus

A

VPL (and inter

66
Q

Where is the first neuron parikaryon in gustatory tract.

Which are the cranial nerves involved in it.

A

geniculate ggl (terminates in solitary nucleus of brainstem)

Facial (VII) - anterior 2/3s of tongue

Glossopharyngeal (IX) - posterior 1/3 of tongue and oral pharynx

Vagus (X) - larynx, posterior pharynx and epiglottis.

67
Q

visceromotor nuclus of occulomotor?

A

Edinger westphal nucleus

68
Q

Which ganglion innv Nasal gland?

A

Pterygopalatine Ganglion

69
Q

3rd neuron of visual pathway?

A

ganglion cells

70
Q

the neurons of visual pathway

A

1= rods and cones, 2= bipolar nuclei in retina, 3=ganglion cells—> sup colliculus —> lateral geniculate body.

71
Q

Which pathway for lateral lemniscus?

A

Auditory

72
Q

What type of neuron in geniculate ganglion?

A

Pseudiunipolarr bcs its a sensory ggl

73
Q

which nerve does the geniculate ganglion belong to?

A

sensory nucleus of fascial nerve located in internal acoustic meatus

74
Q

Motor nucleus of facial: where is it located ?

A
  • in ventrolateral column (in pons by pontomedullary border)
75
Q

hat is afferentation of the cornea blinking reflex?

A

Long ciliary nerve branch of V2

76
Q

Which is the Parasympathatic nucleus innervating sublingual gland?

A

Superior salivatory

77
Q

Which ganglion is passed to innervate the parorid gland?

A

Otic

78
Q

What is the function of medial rectus muscle?

A

Adduction

79
Q

Receptor in monosynaptic/ redraw reflex?

A

muscle spindle, Goli tendon

80
Q

What kind of neutron in the ganglion of redraw reflex ?

A

Pseudo unipolar in dorsal ganglion (

81
Q

effector neutron of redraw reflex in spinal cord?

A

Alpha

82
Q

which segment of spinal cord has parasympathetic fibers?

A

cervical and sacral.

83
Q

which segment of spinal cord has sympathetic fibers?

A

Thoracic och lumbar

84
Q

which are the prevertebral ganglia

A

-superior mesenteric
-Inferior mesenteric
-ciliary trunk
they give parasympathetic to viscera.

85
Q

prevertebral ggl?

A

= sympathetic trunk give sympathetic

86
Q

second order neuron of gustatory tract?

A

ipsilateral VPM nucleus in the thalamus (it does not decussate)

neuro (4 decks)

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