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PassNPLEX Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Bland Diet

  • AKA _____
  • Excludes
  • Indication
  • Contraindication
A
  • Low Fiber diet, Low residue diet
  • Excludes fiber (whole grains, cruciferous veggies), irritating to GI
  • Indication: GI (peptic ulcer, GERD, diverticulitis)
  • CI: severe acute IBS/IBD
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2
Q

Elemental Diet

  • Definition
  • Indication
  • CI
A
  • Liquid nutrition formula - contains amino acids, short-chain polysaccharides, triglycerides
  • Indication: Maintaining nutritional status, malnutrition (Crohn’s_
  • CI: N/A
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3
Q

Fasting

  • Definition
  • Indication
  • CI
A
  • Not eating, drinking only water
  • Indication: detox, obesity, diabetes
  • CI: underweight, eating disorder, pregnancy
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4
Q

Gluten-Free Diet

  • Definition
  • Indication
  • CI
A
  • Eliminating gluten from all meals (wheat, barley, rye)
  • Definition: Celiac disease
  • CI: None
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5
Q

High Carbohydrate Diet

  • Definition
  • Indication
  • CI
A
  • Eating lots of carbs
  • Indication: Malnourishment
  • CI: dental issues, cavities
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6
Q

High-fat diet

  • AKA ___
  • definition
  • indication
  • CI
A
  • Ketogenic diet
  • high fat, low protein and fat
  • indication: epilepsy**
  • CI: individualized to case
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7
Q

High fiber diet

  • AKA ___
  • Definition
  • Indication
  • Contraindication
A
  • Low Fat Diet Pritikin, Ornish Diet
  • Eat whole foods, vegetarian, fewer carbs and higher quality complex carbs
  • Indication: lots - constipation, cancer. PMS, IBS, obesity, etc.
  • CI: None
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8
Q

High Protein diet

  • AKA
  • Definition
  • Indication
  • Contraindication
A
  • Atkins, Zone diet
  • High animal product intake, less of the rest
  • Indication: Diabetes, anorexia, obesity
  • CI: Kidney disease, Osteoarthritis, heart disease, gout
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9
Q

Low Protein Diet

  • Indication
  • Contraindication
A
  • Indication: renal failure, gout, osteoporosis

- CI: renal failure due to diabetes (should eat higher proteins to help control diabetes, the cause of renal failure)

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10
Q

Rotation Diet

  • Definition
  • Indication
  • Contraindication
A
  • tolerated foods at regular intervals (3-4 days) to avoid new sensitivities
  • Indication: food allergies, after elimination diet
  • CI: None
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11
Q

Oligoantigenic Diet

  • Definition
  • Indication
  • Contraindication
A
  • More reactive foods eliminated
  • Indication: food sensitivity, asthma, ADHD
  • CI: None
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12
Q

Elimination Diet

  • AKA
  • Definition
  • Indication
  • Contraindication
A
  • Hypoallergenic, food intolerance diet
  • couple weeks of hypoallergenic foods only, then gradual re-introduction and testing
  • Indication: food allergies
  • CI: none
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13
Q

Challenge Diet

  • Definition
  • Indication
  • Contraindication
A
  • Phase of the elimination when consuming foods after eliminating
  • Indication: food allergies
  • CI: severe deadly allergy, infection (False positives due to other symptoms occurring)
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14
Q

Paleo Diet

  • Definition
  • Indication
  • Contraindication
A
  • Diet based on types of food presumed to have been eaten by early humans, mostly meat, fish, vegetables, fruits
  • EXCLUDES dairy, grain, processed foods
  • Indication: Stabilizing blood sugar, reducing allergies, cardiovascular health, autoimmunity, improving sleep, anti-inflammatory, and everything else
  • CI: None
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15
Q

DASH Diet “Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension”

  • Definition
  • Indication
  • Contraindication
A
  • Low sodium, grains, vegetables, fruit, dairy, lean meat poultry, fish, nuts, seeds, legumes, fats, and oils
  • Indication: hypertension
  • CI: None
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16
Q

Portfolio Diet

  • Definition
  • Indication
  • Contraindication
A
  • Nuts, plant sterols, viscous fiber, soy protein
  • Indication: Cholesterol management (maybe blood pressure and blood sugar)
  • CI: None
17
Q

Mediterranean Diet

  • Definition
  • Indication
  • CI
A
  • Emphasis on plant-based foods. whole grains, legumes, nuts, healthy fats (olive oil), herbs and less salt
  • Limit red meat and red wine
  • Indication: Heart health, reduces heart disease, cancer, Parkinson’s, Alzheimer
  • CI: None
18
Q

Arginine

  • Indication
  • Precursor to?
  • Avoid in herpes
A

“ARG! The pirate will go have some sex!”

  • Wound healing, releases insulin
  • Male infertility (spermatogenesis)
  • Immune stimulation
  • GABA precursor
  • Avoid in herpes

Found in foods in protein - dairy, meat, nuts, whole grain, fish

19
Q

Histidine

- indication

A
  • RA
  • Allergies
  • Anemia
20
Q

Isoleucine, leucine, Valine (BCAA)

  • indication
  • significantly decreased by insulin
A
  • muscle strength, endurance, muscle stamina

- significantly decreased by insulin

21
Q

Lysine

  • Indicated for
  • What does it form
  • What does it lower
  • In which foods?
A
  • Herpes simplex virus “lysine lyses herpes”
  • Forms collagen, connective tissue
  • Lowers TG

Foods: meat, milk, fish, animal foods

22
Q

Methionine and sAME

  • differentiate the two indications
  • Methionine is a precursor for
A

Methionine: reduce cholesterol, antioxidant, detox, helps ith hait skin nail due to sulfur. Precursor to carnitine, melatonin, choline

sAME: alcoholism, OA, depression, arthritis

23
Q

Phenylalanine

  • precursor to
  • enhances
  • suppresses
  • indication
  • Contraindicated
A
  • a precursor to thyroxine
  • enhance mood, though, concentration, memory
  • suppress appetite
  • antidepressant
  • indication: depression, Parkinson’s, other brain conditions
  • CI: phenylketonuria (PKU)

Genetic dx cannot transform Phenylalanine to Tyrosine, which causes mental retardation. Treat by low phenylalanine diet.

24
Q

Threonine

A

Brain - epilepsy, depression, MS, alcoholism, ALS

Detox

25
Tryptophan - indication - precursor to ___ and requires __ to be converted
- 5HTP - Depression, insomnia, pain, anxiety, migraines - Precursor to serotonin, requires B6 (P6P) to be converted DO NOT give to someone who is taking SSRI
26
Alanine
- energy for muscles, part of connective tissue | - prostate BPH
27
Asparagine/Aspartic Acid - What is asparagine for?
- interconvertible amino acids - excitatory vs. glutamic acid - liver protective - immune function asparagine: increases endurance, help with fatigue and detox
28
Cysteine and NAC | - differentiate the two
- antioxidant - skin growth, repair, hair ingredient - cystine: cataract, heavy metals, detox - NAC: AIDS, asthma, bronchitis, CF, det
29
Glutamic Acid - precursor - excess can cause ___
- precursor to glutamine and GABA - excitatory neurotransmitter - excess can cause cell damage, thought to be how strokes damage brain cells - stop alcohol/sugar craving - increase energy
30
Glutamine | - precursor to
- ulcer, leaky gut (IHP), IBS, IBD, immune - a precursor to GABA - highest blood concentration of all amino acids

NPLEX 2 (6 decks)

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