PassNPLEX Nutrition Flashcards
Bland Diet
- AKA _____
- Excludes
- Indication
- Contraindication
- Low Fiber diet, Low residue diet
- Excludes fiber (whole grains, cruciferous veggies), irritating to GI
- Indication: GI (peptic ulcer, GERD, diverticulitis)
- CI: severe acute IBS/IBD
Elemental Diet
- Definition
- Indication
- CI
- Liquid nutrition formula - contains amino acids, short-chain polysaccharides, triglycerides
- Indication: Maintaining nutritional status, malnutrition (Crohn’s_
- CI: N/A
Fasting
- Definition
- Indication
- CI
- Not eating, drinking only water
- Indication: detox, obesity, diabetes
- CI: underweight, eating disorder, pregnancy
Gluten-Free Diet
- Definition
- Indication
- CI
- Eliminating gluten from all meals (wheat, barley, rye)
- Definition: Celiac disease
- CI: None
High Carbohydrate Diet
- Definition
- Indication
- CI
- Eating lots of carbs
- Indication: Malnourishment
- CI: dental issues, cavities
High-fat diet
- AKA ___
- definition
- indication
- CI
- Ketogenic diet
- high fat, low protein and fat
- indication: epilepsy**
- CI: individualized to case
High fiber diet
- AKA ___
- Definition
- Indication
- Contraindication
- Low Fat Diet Pritikin, Ornish Diet
- Eat whole foods, vegetarian, fewer carbs and higher quality complex carbs
- Indication: lots - constipation, cancer. PMS, IBS, obesity, etc.
- CI: None
High Protein diet
- AKA
- Definition
- Indication
- Contraindication
- Atkins, Zone diet
- High animal product intake, less of the rest
- Indication: Diabetes, anorexia, obesity
- CI: Kidney disease, Osteoarthritis, heart disease, gout
Low Protein Diet
- Indication
- Contraindication
- Indication: renal failure, gout, osteoporosis
- CI: renal failure due to diabetes (should eat higher proteins to help control diabetes, the cause of renal failure)
Rotation Diet
- Definition
- Indication
- Contraindication
- tolerated foods at regular intervals (3-4 days) to avoid new sensitivities
- Indication: food allergies, after elimination diet
- CI: None
Oligoantigenic Diet
- Definition
- Indication
- Contraindication
- More reactive foods eliminated
- Indication: food sensitivity, asthma, ADHD
- CI: None
Elimination Diet
- AKA
- Definition
- Indication
- Contraindication
- Hypoallergenic, food intolerance diet
- couple weeks of hypoallergenic foods only, then gradual re-introduction and testing
- Indication: food allergies
- CI: none
Challenge Diet
- Definition
- Indication
- Contraindication
- Phase of the elimination when consuming foods after eliminating
- Indication: food allergies
- CI: severe deadly allergy, infection (False positives due to other symptoms occurring)
Paleo Diet
- Definition
- Indication
- Contraindication
- Diet based on types of food presumed to have been eaten by early humans, mostly meat, fish, vegetables, fruits
- EXCLUDES dairy, grain, processed foods
- Indication: Stabilizing blood sugar, reducing allergies, cardiovascular health, autoimmunity, improving sleep, anti-inflammatory, and everything else
- CI: None
DASH Diet “Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension”
- Definition
- Indication
- Contraindication
- Low sodium, grains, vegetables, fruit, dairy, lean meat poultry, fish, nuts, seeds, legumes, fats, and oils
- Indication: hypertension
- CI: None
Portfolio Diet
- Definition
- Indication
- Contraindication
- Nuts, plant sterols, viscous fiber, soy protein
- Indication: Cholesterol management (maybe blood pressure and blood sugar)
- CI: None
Mediterranean Diet
- Definition
- Indication
- CI
- Emphasis on plant-based foods. whole grains, legumes, nuts, healthy fats (olive oil), herbs and less salt
- Limit red meat and red wine
- Indication: Heart health, reduces heart disease, cancer, Parkinson’s, Alzheimer
- CI: None
Arginine
- Indication
- Precursor to?
- Avoid in herpes
“ARG! The pirate will go have some sex!”
- Wound healing, releases insulin
- Male infertility (spermatogenesis)
- Immune stimulation
- GABA precursor
- Avoid in herpes
Found in foods in protein - dairy, meat, nuts, whole grain, fish
Histidine
- indication
- RA
- Allergies
- Anemia
Isoleucine, leucine, Valine (BCAA)
- indication
- significantly decreased by insulin
- muscle strength, endurance, muscle stamina
- significantly decreased by insulin
Lysine
- Indicated for
- What does it form
- What does it lower
- In which foods?
- Herpes simplex virus “lysine lyses herpes”
- Forms collagen, connective tissue
- Lowers TG
Foods: meat, milk, fish, animal foods
Methionine and sAME
- differentiate the two indications
- Methionine is a precursor for
Methionine: reduce cholesterol, antioxidant, detox, helps ith hait skin nail due to sulfur. Precursor to carnitine, melatonin, choline
sAME: alcoholism, OA, depression, arthritis
Phenylalanine
- precursor to
- enhances
- suppresses
- indication
- Contraindicated
- a precursor to thyroxine
- enhance mood, though, concentration, memory
- suppress appetite
- antidepressant
- indication: depression, Parkinson’s, other brain conditions
- CI: phenylketonuria (PKU)
Genetic dx cannot transform Phenylalanine to Tyrosine, which causes mental retardation. Treat by low phenylalanine diet.
Threonine
Brain - epilepsy, depression, MS, alcoholism, ALS
Detox
Tryptophan
- indication
- precursor to ___ and requires __ to be converted
- 5HTP
- Depression, insomnia, pain, anxiety, migraines
- Precursor to serotonin, requires B6 (P6P) to be converted
DO NOT give to someone who is taking SSRI
Alanine
- energy for muscles, part of connective tissue
- prostate BPH
Asparagine/Aspartic Acid
- What is asparagine for?
- interconvertible amino acids
- excitatory vs. glutamic acid
- liver protective
- immune function
asparagine: increases endurance, help with fatigue and detox
Cysteine and NAC
- differentiate the two
- antioxidant
- skin growth, repair, hair ingredient
- cystine: cataract, heavy metals, detox
- NAC: AIDS, asthma, bronchitis, CF, det
Glutamic Acid
- precursor
- excess can cause ___
- precursor to glutamine and GABA
- excitatory neurotransmitter
- excess can cause cell damage, thought to be how strokes damage brain cells
- stop alcohol/sugar craving
- increase energy
Glutamine
- precursor to
- ulcer, leaky gut (IHP), IBS, IBD, immune
- a precursor to GABA
- highest blood concentration of all amino acids