NPLEX 2: Botanical Medicine Flashcards
Actea (Cimicifuga) racemosa
- Action? - mimetic of what hormone?
- Indicated?
- A/E?
- contraindicated?
- Used with what pharmaceutical to decrease its SEs?
- Interacts?
Black cohosh - fresh and dried root
Action:
- Uterine and pituitary/estrogen mimetic*
- Parturifacient*
- Anti-rheumatic, spasmolytic, antitussive, nervine
Indicated:
- Dysmenorrhea, PMS, menopause, early labor*
- Rheumatism, myalgia, OA and RA, whooping cough
AEs: in overdose: sedative, bradycardia, hypotension, blurred vision, N/V, HA
contraindicated:
- 1st TM of pregnancy and lactation (large doses)*
- Estrogen-dependent tumors*
Interacts:
- HRT leading excess estrogen that does NOT affect the uterus
- Reduces hot flushes from tamoxifen**
Angelica sinensis
- Action?
- Indicated?
- A/E? (which pharm)
- contraindicated?
- Used with what pharmaceutical to decrease its SEs?
- Interacts?
Dong Quai - root
Action:
- Uterine tonic*
- Anti-inflammatory*
- Spasmolytic*
- Analgesic*
- Sedative, Liver tonic
Indicated:
- Amenorrhea
- Dysmenorrhea
- Endometritis
- Estrogen imbalance
- Menopause
- PMS
- Tonic for uterus, liver, digestion, WHOLE BODY HERB
AEs:
- Increased bleeding. Taking large dose or using with blood thinners should be monitor for increase in prothrombin time (PT) and INR*
- Fever, GI disturbance
- Photodermatitis - limit time in the sun
Contraindicated:
- Hemorrhagic disease, hypermenorrhea
- Pregnancy - specifically in first trimester
- Chronic diarrhea, abd bloating
- Acute infection - cold/flu
Interacts: warfarin (anticoagulants) increases risk for bleeding
Caulophyllum thalictroides
- Action?
- Indicated?
- A/E?
- contraindicated? Don’t use with which pharm?
- Interacts?
Blue cohosh rhizome - dried rhizome and root
Action:
- Uterine tonic
- Parturifacient
- Emmenagogue
- Anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic, diuretic, diaphoretic
Indicated:
- Amenorrhea, menorrhagia, metrorrhaggia, dysmenorrhea, cyclic mastalgia, female infertility, uterine prolapse, to facilitate labor
- Rheumatism, OA, RA
AEs: dermatitis, GI irritation
CI: pregnancy
interacts: nitroglycerin (angina treatment) - vascontriction of heart vessels
Chamaelirium luteum
- Action? -Tonic for which 2 organs?
- Indicated?
- A/E?
- contraindicated? Don’t use with which pharm?
- Interacts?
False unicorn - root
Action:
- Uterine and ovarian tonic
- Emmenagogue
- Diuretic
indicated:
- Amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, endometriosis, leukorrhea, estrogen imbalance, menopause, female infertility, uterine infection, ovarian cysts, leiomyoma, PMS, threatened miscarriage, premature labor
- Dyspepsia
AEs: N/V, anti-platelet activity
contraindicated: early pregnancy, GI irritation
interacts: warfarin, may potentiate anticoagulants
Dioscorea villosa
- actions?
- indications?
- A/E?
- contraindicated in?
- Interacts?
Wild Yam - root
- Spasmolytic
- Anti-inflammatory
- Antirheumatic, diuretic, diaphoretic, hepatic, cholagogue
indicated:
- Dysmenorrhea, endometriosis, PMS, threatened miscarriage, premature labor, smooth muscle spasm
- Colic, myalgia, neuralgia, OA RA acute rheumatism
CI: biliary obstruction, cholecystitis, biliary cancer, pancreatic cancer, hepatitis, cirrhosis, pregnancy in high doses
No reported side effects and interactions
Medicago sativa
- actions?
- indications?
- A/E
- be wary if spoiled, could contain?
- contraindicated in 3 things?
- interacts with what 4 drugs?
Alfalfa whole - plant or seeds
Action:
- Phytoestrogen
- Antioxidant
- Cholesterol-lowering (saponins)
- Hepatoprotective
indicated:
- Endometriosis, hyper/hypoestrogenism, infertility, menopause
AEs: if spoiled, might contain E. coli, bacillus cereus, salmonella
contraindicated: gout, SLE, pregnancy
interacts: hypoglycemic drugs (metformin, glyburide, rosiglitazone), anticoagulants (warfarin), HRT, CYP450
Mitchella repens
- actions?
- indicated for?
- contraindicated?
- A/E?
- interaction?
Partridge berry - aerial parts
Action:
- parturifacient
- Uterine tonic
- Emmenagogue, alterative, astringent, diuretic
indicated:
- Dysmenorrhea, infertility, leiomyoma, menorrhagia, poor uterine tone, preparing for childbirth
contraindicated in early pregnancy
No known side effects and interactions
Rubus idaeus
- action?
- A/E?
- contraindicated?
- contains?
- interacts?
Raspberry - leaves and fruit
Action:
- Parturifacient (strengthens contractions, reduces hemorrhage during labor
- Uterine tonic
- Astringent
- Inflammation modulator
indicated:
- Prep for labor as it strengthens uterine tone, diarrhea
- Leukorrhea, aphthous ulcers, gingivitis, conjunctivitis
contraindicated: early stages of pregnancy
* contains tannins, vitamin C
No known side effects and interactions
Trifolium pratense
- actions?
- indications?
- A/E
- contraindications?
- interacts?
Red Clover flower
Action:
- Alterative
- Expectorant
- Anti-spasmodic
- Anti-tumor
- Phytoestrogen
indicated:
- Childhood eczema, psoriasis, chronic skin conditions (topical), cancerous growths (topical)
- Coughs, bronchitis, whooping cough
contraindicated: estrogen-sensitive breast cancers (disproven), bleeding disorders
interacts: warfarin
No known side effects
Viburnum opulus and prunifolium
- Action?
- Indicated?
- A/E?
- contraindicated?
- Interacts?
Cramp bark and Black Haw bark and root
Action:
- Spasmolytic
- Astringent
- Emmenagogue
- Nervine, sedative, hypotensive
indicated:
- Dysmenorrhea, endometriosis, PMS, threatened miscarriage, premature labor, smooth muscle spasms,
- Acute urolithiasis, myalgia, HTN, arthritis
Do not eat raw fruit will cause GI discomfort
No A/E and interactions
Vitex agnus-castus
- Action - effects on hormones?
- indications?
- A/E>
- contraindicated?
- interacts with pharms that affect which NT?
Chaste Tree berry
- Normalizes female sex hormones and pituitary gland function
- Uterine tonic (supports the corpus luteum by increasing progesterone and decreasing estrogen via pituitary gland and FSH), galactagogue
indications:
- Teen acne
- Fibroids cysts
- Trying to conceive (due to low progesterone), post OCP use, irregular menstruation, short cycles, dysmenorrhea, PMS, menopause
AEs: rashes, itching, nausea, dry mouth, headache, dizziness, agitation
contraindicated: stop taking as soon as you become pregnant, lactation
interacts: DA antagonists and DA receptor blocking agents
