Passmedicine - obstetrics Flashcards
superficial damage with no muscle involvement
first degree perineal tear
injury to the perineal muscle, but not involving the anal sphincter
second degree tear
injury to perineum involving the anal sphincter complex (external anal sphincter, EAS and internal anal sphincter, IAS):
third degree tear
less than 50% of EAS thickness torn
3a
more than 50% of EAS thickness torn
3b
IAS torn
3c
injury to perineum involving the anal sphincter complex (EAS and IAS) and rectal mucosa
fourth degree tear
what are the risk factors of perineal tears? (5)
primigravida large babies precipitant labour shoulder dystocia forceps delivery
what is the most common cause of early onset severe infection in the neonatal period/
group B streptococcus
women who’ve had GBS detected in a previous pregnancy should be informed that their risk of maternal GBS carriage in this pregnancy is?
50%
when are swabs for GBS offered to pregnant women?
35-37 weeks or 3-5 weeks prior to anticipated delivery date
in preterm labour
women should be offered maternal intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis regardless of GBS status
women with pyrexia during labour >38 degrees C
IV antibiotics
what is the antibiotic of choice for GBS prophylaxis?
benzylpenicillin
what are the risk factors of GBS infection? (4)
prematurity
prolonged rupture of the membranes
previous sibling GBS infection
maternal pyrexia e.g. secondary to chorioamnionitis
