Passmedicine Flashcards
What are the most common causes of iron deficiency anaemia?
Pre-menopausal women - blood loss due to menorrhagia
Men and post-menopausal women - Gastrointestinal bleeding
What are the blood results seen in iron deficiency anaemia?
Low iron
Low ferritin (can be raised in inflammation)
Low TIBC (transferrin)
When should the 2 week urgent referral be done in iron deficiency anaemia?
Men of any age with Hb <110g/L
Post menopausal women with Hb <100g/L
what is the the pathophysiology behind factor v Leiden?
it is activated protein C resistance.
Its when factor V (a clotting factor) is inactivated 10x more slowly by activated protein C.
What is the most common organism that causes neutropenic sepsis?
Staphylococcus epidermidis
what is the treatment for neutropenic sepsis?
piperacillin with tazobactam (tazocin) immediately - DO NOT wait for blood cultures
What is the treatment for neutropenia
granulocyte colony stimulating factor - filgrastim or perfilgrastim
What is the transfusion threshold for Hb in patients with ACS?
70g/L
Target is 70-90g/L
What is the transfusion threshold for Hb in patients without ACS?
80g/L
Target is 80-100g/L
What is the most common cancer in the UK?
- Breast
- Lung
- Colorectal
- Prostate
Lung is most common cancer causing death in the UK
What is the pathology behind anaemia of chronic disease?
- Reduced iron release from marrow
- Inadequate secretion of EPO for erythropoiesis
- Reduced red cell survival
What blood results will be seen in anaemia of chronic disease?
Normocytic anaemia
Low serum iron
Low TIBC
Raised ferritin (Acute phase reactant which is raised in inflammation)
What is the most common cause of neutropenic sepsis?
staphylococcus epidermidis
What is the reversal agent for dabigatran?
Idarucizumab is a reversal agent for dabigatran
what are the blood results in iron deficiency anaemia?
Low haemoglobin
Low ferritin (unless inflammation)
High transferrin (because theres higher levels of it floating in the blood since its not bound to iron).
