Passive Modalities Indications

Question 1

Interferential

Answer 1

Pain Reduction- Acute & Chronic

Question 2

NMES/Russian

Answer 2

Decrease Muscle Spasm
Muscle Re-education
Muscle Strengthening
Retard Atrophy

Question 3

ESTHR/High Volt

Answer 3

Decrease Muscle Spasm
Reduce Edema
Stimulate Healing

Question 4

Ultrasound

Answer 4

Decrease joint stiffness
Decrease Muscle Spasm
Increase blood flow
Increase cell metabolism
Increase collagen synthesis
Increase extensibility of collagen
Stimulate Healing

Question 5

Cold Laser

Answer 5

Pain Reduction- Acute & Chronic
Reduce Edema
Stimulate Healing

Question 6

Thermotherapy

Answer 6

Arthritis- Osteoarthritis
Decrease Muscle Spasm
Pain Reduction- Acute & Chronic

Question 7

Cryotherapy

Answer 7

Decrease blood flow and metabolism
Decrease Muscle Spasm
Pain Reduction- Acute & Chronic
Protect injured tissues

Question 8

Massage

Answer 8

Circulatory Stasis
Congestion
Myalgia/ Trigger Points
Postexertion fatigue and Stiffness
Reduce Edema
Superficial Adhesions
Tension Headaches

Question 9

Traction

Answer 9

Arthritis- Facet Joints
Disc Protrusion/ Herniation
Joint Hypomobility
Nerve Root Impingement