Parts of the Microscope

Question 1

These are the 3 main structural part of the microscope.

Answer 1

Head, Arms, Base

Question 2

Contains the microscopic illuminator

Answer 2

Base

Question 3

Contains optical components such as the eyepiece and objective lenses.

Answer 3

Head

Question 4

Connects the base to the head and supports the eyepiece tube. It’s where you carry the microscope.

Answer 4

Arms

Question 5

Turns the lamp on and off

Answer 5

Power switch

Question 6

Consists of a lamp bulb and one or more lenses to produce a cylindrical beam of light directed toward the base of the condenser. May have a ground glass and may have an iris or field diaphragm.

Answer 6

Illuminator

Question 6

Controls the brightness of the lamp. On most microscopes it is a continuously variable rheostat, controlled by a sliding
switch

Answer 6

Illumination control

Question 7

A frosted sheet of glass that scatters the light from the lamp bulb to provide more diffuse light.

Answer 7

Ground glass

Question 8

Controls the diameter of the illuminating beam of light as a guide to focus the light from the condenser onto the specimen.

Answer 8

Iris Diaphragm

Question 8

Contains a set of lenses that focus the light on the specimen.

Answer 8

Condenser

Question 9

The condenser has the following components:

Answer 9

1. Focusing knob
2. Front lens
3. Iris Diaphragm

Question 10

The glass surface closest to the specimen. Be careful not to touch this
surface as it is easily scratched

Answer 10

Front lens

Question 10

Controls the aperture of the illuminating light and used to adjust contrast.

Answer 10

Iris diaphragm

Question 10

Moves the condenser up and down to adjust the focus of the light on the specimen

Answer 10

Focusing knob

Question 11

Holds several objective lenses that can be rotated into position to change the lens

Answer 11

Revolving nosepiece

Question 12

Create a magnified image of the specimen.

Answer 12

Objective lenses

Question 13

There are 4 types of objective lenses:

Answer 13

1. Scanning Lens
2. LPO
3. HPO
4. OIO

Question 14

Used to get an overview of the structures present in a section and to find areas for more detailed observation.

Answer 14

Scanning lens

Question 15

The most useful magnification to identify tissues

Answer 15

Low Power Objective (LPO) 10x lens

Question 16

Used to see the details of cell and tissue organization.

Answer 16

High Power Objective (HPO) 40x lens

Question 17

Because it requires the use of immersion oil, is used primarily to see subcellular details.

Answer 17

Oil Immersion Objective (OIO) 100x lens

Question 18

Forms an image that can be visualized by the eye or a camera. In a binocular
microscope, the distance between the two tubes can be adjusted to fit the distance between the observers’ eyes.

Answer 18

Eyepiece

Question 19

Used to raise and lower the specimen stage to focus the image of the specimen. It consists of the coarse and fine focus.

Answer 19

Focusing controls

Question 20

Used to focus the specimen at 4x and 10x

Answer 20

Coarse focus

Question 21

Used to focus the specimen at 40x and 100x, but only after initially focusing at lower magnification.

Answer 21

Fine focus

Question 21

*Holds the microscope slide.* Consists of the slide holder and slide holder travel controls.

Answer 21

Specimen stage

Question 22

Spring-loaded device to *hold the microscope slide in place* on the stage.

Answer 22

Slide holder

Question 23

Allow the slide to be moved along two axes: longitudinal and lateral.

Answer 23

Slide holder travel controls

Question 24

The total magnification for the microscope is obtained by multiplying the:

Answer 24

Magnification of the eyepiece and magnification of the objective lens

Question 25

___ is the ability to enlarge an image (what you see looking through the eyepiece).

Answer 25

Magnification

Question 26

___ might be monocular or binocular.

Answer 26

Ocular lenses

Question 26

Ocular lens may be ___, ___, ___.

Answer 26

5x, 10x or 30x

Question 27

The area your lens can see; the actual “circle” you see. The circular area will ___ as you increase the magnification.

Answer 27

Field of view, decrease

Question 28

The thickness of the vertical range in which the specimen remains in focus. It decreases as the magnification ___.

Answer 28

Depth of focus, increases

Question 29

* Light illuminated * Image is 2D * High magnification, low resolution * Mechanic focusing * Good for transparent or translucent specimens

Answer 29

Compound microscope

Question 30

* Light illuminated * Provides 3D image of specimens * Low magnification (5x - 10x) * Mechanical focusing

Answer 30

Dissection Microscope

Question 31

* Uses electron illumination * 3d view of image * High magnification, high resolution * Electrical focusing

Answer 31

Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)

Question 32

* Uses electron illumination * 2d view (internal structures) * High magnification, high resolution * Electrical focusing

Answer 32

Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)

Question 33

___ have shorter wavelengths than light.

Answer 33

Electrons