Parts Of The Cell Flashcards
What and where are the nuclear envelopes?
2 membranes.
Binding the nucleus.
What is nucleoplasm and what does it contain?
Granular material in the nucleus
Contains chromatin
What is chromatin made from and what is it’s function?
Made of coils of DNA which are bound to protein.
Condenses into chromosomes during cell division.
What is the nucleolus?
One or more spherical bodies inside the nucleus.
What is rRNA a constituent of?
Ribosomes
Describe the two basic features of a mitochondrion
Cylindrical
1-10 micrometers in length
Name 5 components of a mitochondrial cell
Inter-membrane space, cristae, matrix, 70s ribosomes and a small cirlcle of DNA
What is the inter-membrane space and what are cristae?
Two membranes separated by a fluid-filled space.
Cristae are formed when the inner membrane is folded inwards
What is the organic matrix?
A solution containing many compounds including lipids and proteins
What do the small ribosomes and small circle of DNA allow the mitochondrion to do?
Make some of their own proteins and replicate
What is the function of mitochondria?
To produce ATP in aerobic respiration
Describe the three basic features of a nucleus
Spherical
10 to 20 micrometers
Contains DNA
Why are mitochondria efficient at aerobic respiration?
Cylindrical
Large SA:V ratio
Smaller diffusion distance than a sphere between the edge and the centre
Describe the endoplasmic reticulum
System of parallel double membranes forming flattened sacs with cisternae
What is the difference between smooth ER and rough ER?
Smooth ER is made up of membranes that lack ribosomes unlike rough ER
