parts of sentences Flashcards
declarative sentence
makes a statement. ends with a period.
imperative sentence
gives an order or makes a request. It ends with either a period or an exclamation point, depending on how mild or strong the command or request is. In an imperative sentence the subject is you, but this often is not included.
eg. Get me a fire extinguisher no!
simple subject
noun or pronoun that names what the sentence is about. Does not include any modifiers.
complete subject
is the simple subject plus its modifiers
eg. The sleek, black limousine waited outside the church.
compoud subject
two or more subjects joined by a coordination conjunction
predicate
is part of the sentence that contains the main verb. It is also part of the sentence that tells you what the subject is doing or describes the subject.
simple predicate
main verb plus its helping verbs
complete predicate
consists of simple predicate, its modifiers, and any complements. in general, the complete predicate includeds everything in the sentence except the complete subject.
Compound predicate
two or more predicates joined by a coordinating conjunction
eg. Marcia unlocked her bicycle and rode away.
complement
word or group of words used to complete the meaning of a subject or object.
subject complement
a noun or a adjective that renames or describes the subject. They are joined to the subject with a linking verb.
predicate noun example: Murasaki Shikibu (subject)
was (LV) an early Japanese novelist(PN).
predicate adjective example: The cheese(S) tastes(LV) Moldy(PA)
Direct object
is a noun or pronoun that recieves the action of transitive verb. The direct object answers the question What ?or Whom?
Whom? eg. The Pharmacist helped (TV) us(DO)
what eg. Jillian borrowed(TV) a bicycle(DO) and a visor(DO)
indirect object
is a noun or pronoun that recieve the action of the verb indirectly. The Indirect object name the person or thing to whom or for whom something is done.
to whom eg. The computer technician gave(TV) me(IO) the bill(DO)
for whom eg. Eric bought (TV)his wife (IO)and son(IO) some sandwiches(DO) and milk(DO).
object complement
is a noun or adjective that modifies(describes) or renames the direct object.
noun eg. We appointed Dean our representative. [Representaive renames the direct object, Dean.]
adjective eg. The judge found the defendent innocent of charges [Innocent modifies the direct object, defendant.]
5 basic sentence paterns
pattern 1: Subject +Predicate
2: Subject + predicate+ direct object
3: Subject +Predicate+ Subject Complement
4. Subject+ Predicate+ Indirect object +Direct Object
5: Subject+ Predicate+ Direct object+ Object Complement
