parts of brain/lobes

Question 1

Brain is composed of which three lobes

Answer 1

1. cerebrum 2. cerebellum 3. brainstem

Question 2

The cerebrum is divided into how many parts

Answer 2

right and left hemisphere joined by a bundle of fibers called crepes callous that transmits messages from one side to another

Question 3

each hemisphere have four lobes

Answer 3

1. frontal, temporal, parental and occipital

Question 4

Frontal lobe controls

Answer 4

1. personality, behavior and emotions
2. judgement, planning, problem solving
3. speech: speaking and writing (Broca’s area)
4. body movement (motor strip)
5. Intelligence, concentration and self awareness

Question 5

Parietal Lobe controls

Answer 5

1. interprets language and words
2. sense of touch, pain, temperature (sensory strip)
3. interprets signals from vision, hearing, motor, sensory and memory
4. Spatial and visual perception

Question 6

Occipital lobe

Answer 6

Interprets vision (color, light, movement)

Question 7

Temporal lobe

Answer 7

1. understands language (wernicke’s area)
2. memory
3. hearing
4. sequencing and organization

Question 8

In general the left hemisphere is called the

Answer 8

dominant hemisphere responsible for language and speech

Question 9

In general the right hemisphere is responsible for

Answer 9

interpreting visual and spatial processing (artist/creative people)

Question 10

aphasia is a disturbance of what?

Answer 10

language affecting speech production, comprehension, reading and writing. Type of aphasia depends of part of brain that is damaged

Question 11

Broca’s area lies where? If damaged what is affected?

Answer 11

Left frontal lobe. It is an area of articulation. Affects moving tongue /facial muscles that produce/articilate speech, person can still read and understand spoken language but has difficulty speaking and writing (because can’t come up with words)

Question 12

Wernicke’s area is located where? and what is affected when this part of brain is damaged?

Answer 12

lies in left temporal lobe-damage is this area cause aphasia, may speak in sentences that have no meaning, add unnecessary words, can make speech sounds but may have difficulty understanding speech and therefore unaware of their mistakes

Question 13

what is the surface of cerebellum called

Answer 13

the cortex

Question 14

What does cortex do and look like

Answer 14

it appears as hills and valleys in folded manner. Contains 16 billions neurons and has grey/brown appearance which is why its called grey matter.

Question 15

beneath cortex is what

Answer 15

axons that connect brain areas to each other called white matter

Question 16

What do the folded area of cortex do

Answer 16

increase brain surface allowing for more neurons to fit enabling higher functions.

Question 17

each cortex fold is called a

Answer 17

Gyrus

Question 18

each groove between cortex fold is called

Answer 18

sulcus

Question 19

hypothalamus

Answer 19

located floor of third ventricle, responsible for autonomic system and controls behaviors, hunger, thirst, sleep, sexual response. Regulates body temperature, blood pressure, emotions and secretion of hormones.

Question 20

pituitary gland

Answer 20

lies in small pocket of bone at skull base. It is connected to hypothalumus of the brain by the pituitary stalk known as the master glad. It controls endocrine glands and secretes hormones of sexual development, promote bone and muscle growth and responsible to stress.

Question 21

pineal glad

Answer 21

located third ventricle. Regulates body internal clock and circadian rhythms by secreting melatonin. some role in sexual development

Question 22

thalamus

Answer 22

serves as a relay station for almost all information that comes and goes from cortex. Plays a role in pain, sensation, attention, alertness and memory

Question 23

Basal ganglia

Answer 23

(includes caudate, putamen and globes pallid us) Works with cerebellum to coordinate fine motor

Question 24

limbic system

Answer 24

center of emotions, learning, memory (included in this system is cingulate, gyre, hypothalamus, amygdala (emotional reactions) and hippocampus (memory)

Question 25

memory has three phases:

Answer 25

1. encoding
2. storing
3. recalling

Question 26

short term memory

Answer 26

called working memory located in prefrontal cortex . stores info for one minute and 7 items.

Question 27

long term memory

Answer 27

processed in hippocampus of temporal lobe; activated when you want to memorize something long time, this memory is unlimited/personal memories/facts

Question 28

skill memory

Answer 28

processed cerebellum which relays information to basal ganglia. stores automatic learned memory like tying shoe, riding bike

Question 29

The brain has fluid filled cavities called

Answer 29

ventricles

Question 30

there is a ribbon like structure in ventricles called

Answer 30

plexus and makes clear colorless cerebrospinal fluid CFS

Question 31

Cerebrospinal fluid does what

Answer 31

cushions brain and spinal cord from injury