Parts of a Cell and Differences between Types

Question 1

serves as a boundary between the environment and the internal part of the cell; semi-permeable membrane composed of phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates

Answer 1

Cell Membrane

Question 2

a thick transparent and colorless liquid in the cell in which various organelles are suspended; outside the nucleus

Answer 2

Cytosol

Question 3

the cytosol, organelles, and other structures inside the cell excluding the nucleus/genetic material

Answer 3

Cytoplasm

Question 4

serves as the control center of the cell

Answer 4

Nucleus

Question 5

living part of the cell

Answer 5

Protoplasm

Question 6

protoplasm inside the nucleus

Answer 6

Karyoplasm/Nucleoplasm

Question 7

powerhouse of the cell; produces energy to be stored in ATP; where cellular respiration takes place

Answer 7

Mitochondrion (pl. Mitochondria)

Question 8

act as a digestive system of the cell; contains hydrolytic enzymes

Answer 8

Lysosomes

Question 9

mass of dense protoplasm with a structure called centrioles which act as a pole for cell division

Answer 9

Centrosomes

Question 10

prepares proteins for secretion after they are released from the endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 10

Golgi apparatus, Golgi complex, Golgi body, or simply the Golgi

Question 11

serves as a pathway for the transport of materials between the cytoplasm and the nucleus of the cell

Answer 11

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 12

protein factories of the cell

Answer 12

Ribosomes

Question 13

food and water storage of the cell

Answer 13

Vacuole

Question 14

give the cell its shape; consists of microtubules and microfilaments

Answer 14

Cytoskeleton

Question 15

protects and supports plant cells; gives the shape of a plant cell; not present in animal cells;

Answer 15

Cell Wall

Question 16

for photosynthesis; contains the green coloring bodies called chlorophyll; present in algae and plants

Answer 16

Chloroplasts

Question 17

difference between animal cells and plant cells

Answer 17

plant cells have cell walls, chloroplasts and one big vacuole while animal cells don’t; animal cells have centrisomes, lysosomes, and many small vacuoles while plant cells don’t

Question 18

difference between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells (definition)

Answer 18

eukaryotic cells have definite nucleus, membrane bound organelles, and mitochondria while prokaryotic cells don’t

Question 19

difference between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells (type)

Answer 19

eukaryotic cells are usually multicellular while prokaryotic cells are unicellular

Question 20

examples of eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells

Answer 20

eukaryotic cells: animal, plant, fungi, and protist cells
prokaryotic cells: bacteria and archaea