Cell Division and Growth Flashcards
life of a cell from the time it is first formed during division of a parent cell until its own division into two daughter cells
Cell Cycle
cellular structure that carries the genes
Chromosomes
Somatic Cells
Body Cells
Gametes/Germ Cells
Sex Cells, sperm for male; egg for female
the phase where a typical cell spends most of its life; during interphase, the cell copies it s DNA in preparation for mitosis
Interphase
Phases of Interphase
G1 - Growth, S - DNA Synthesis, G2 - Organelle Duplication
is the process of cell division in which the chromosomes in the nucleus of the parent cell duplicate and divide; can be mitosis or meiosis
M-Phase
Two Major Divisions of M-Phase
Karyokinesis and Cytokinesis
Karyokinesis
division of the nucleus; independent from cytokinesis
Cytokinesis
division of cytoplasm; dependent on karyokinesis
Mitosis
division of cells into two identical sets; occurs in body cells; produces 2 diploid cells with the same number of chromosomes
Stages in Mitosis
Prophase - Metaphase - Anaphase - Telophase (PMAT)
Meiosis
a type of cell division in which the number of chromosomes in each daughter cell is reduced to half the number in the parent cell; occurs in sex cells; produces 4 haploid cells
Two Stages in Meiosis
1st stage: Interphase I - Prophase I - Metaphase I - Anaphase I - Telophase I
2nd stage: Prophase II - Metaphase II - Anaphase II - Telophase II
Gametogenesis
formation of gametes
Spermatogenesis
formation of sperm cells (spermatozoa)
Oogenesis
formation of eggs
