Parts and what it does Flashcards
Functions of lymphatic system
Returns lymph to blood
Transports lipids and lipid soluble vitamins (A,D,E and K) to veins
Immunity
Anatomy of lymphatic stuff
Ducts
Trunks
Vessels
Capillaries
Nodes
What do lymphatic capillaries do?
Go between body tissues and capillaries
Collect water, solutes, and leukocytes from interstitial space which creates lymph
What creates mini valves in lymphatic capillaries?
Cells are not tightly joined but overlap loosely
What opens the lymphatic valves in lypmhatic capillaries?
Increase in interstitial fluid
Causes fluid to enter the capillary
What closes the valves in lymphatic capillaries?
Increased fluid in capillary
What are lacteals
Specialized lymph capillaries located within villi of small intestine
What do lacteals do?
Absorb fats/lipids
Lymph goes into lymphatic vessels under ___ pressure?
Low
Flow of lymph
Lymphatic capillaries
Lymphatic vessels
Lymphatic trunks
Lymphatic ducts
Subclavian veins/ internal jugular
Heart
What are the 2 lymphatic ducts?
Right lymphatic duct
Thoracic duct
What does right lymphatic duct drain?
Collects lymph from upper limb
Thorax
Head
Neck
All on right side
What does thoracic duct drain?
Lower limbs
Abdominopelvic regions
Upper limb, neck, head on left side
Thoracic duct description
Runs along dorsal body wall
Retroperitineal
Arises from cisterna chyli
What helps move lymph?
Contraction of smooth muscles
Contraction of skeletal muscles
Respiratory pump
What are antigens?
Substances that causes an immune response
What are examples of pathogens?
Bacteria
Viruses
Tumor cells
2 main groups of leukocytes?
Granulocytes
Agranulocytes
What are the granulocytes?
Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils
Neutrophils description
First one on the scene
3-5 lobes
Eat and destroy bacteria
Eosinophils
2 lobes
Attack objects covered in antibodies
Eat parasitic worms
Help control/ reduce inflammation
Respond to allergens
Basophils
Lot’s of granules
Start inflammation process
Release histamine
Release heparin
What does histamine do?
Dilates blood vessels and attracks WBC to inflamed site
What does heparin do?
Prevents blood clotting
What are the agranulocytes?
Monocytes
Lymphocytes
Monocytes description
Largest Leukocytes
U shaped nucleus
Transform into macrophages that become eater cells
Attract other phagocytic cells and fibroblasts
Lymphocyte types
T cells
B cells
What do T cells do?
Kill virus
Infected cells
Tumor cells
What do B cells do?
Produce antibodies that tag foreign substances and cells for destruction
What do primary organs of lymphatic system do?
Where immune cells divide and mature
What do secondary organs of lymphatic system do?
Where lymphatic cells are stored and immune response occurs
What does red bone marrow do?
Form the leukocytes
Where B cells are matured
What does thymus do?
Produces thymosin that matures T cells
What happens to thymus as we get older?
Turns into fatty tissue
What is function of lymph nodes?
Filters lymph and monitors body fluids
Where are lymph nodes found?
Along lymphatic vessels
White side of spleen?
Filters and cleanses blood
Red side of spleen?
Destruction of old erythrocytes
What do tonsils do?
Collect pathogens that enter mouth and nasal cavity
Pharyngeal tonsils
Posterior side of nasopharynx
Palantine tonsil
Paired on the lateral walls of oral cavity
Lingual tonsil
base of tongue
Peyers patches
In walls of small intestine
What does appendix do?
Destroys bacteria
Prevents bacteria from breaching intestinal wall
